Anesthesia Key

Connective Tissue Disorders Naomi Schlesinger M.D. The connective tissue diseases, also called collagen vascular diseases, are a group of multisystemic diseases. They include but are not limited to systemic lupus…

Myeloproliferative Diseases Elaine B. Owen R.N.C.S., M.S.N., A.O.C.N. Myeloproliferative disorders are characterized by a malfunction of the bone marrow. Both preleukemic dysfunction and acute leukemia can present with symptoms found…

Lymphoma Candis Morrison Ph.D., C.R.N.P. Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma are neoplasms of lymphocytes that affect the lymph nodes, the spleen, and the hematopoietic system. These cancers may spread to other…

Coagulopathies Ian Rabinowitz M.D. Coagulopathies, include hemorrhage, thrombosis, and embolism and represent common clinical manifestations of hematologic disease. Normally, bleeding is controlled by clot formation, which results from the interaction…

Anemia Duke Kasprisin M.D. The term “anemia” literally means “without blood” and is often used as if it were a disease, rather than a manifestation of an underlying disease process….

Urinary Tract Infection Tracy N. Offerdahl Pharm.D. Elena M. Umland Pharm.D. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common and may range in severity from uncomplicated cystitis to severe pyelonephritis. These infections…

Urinary Incontinence Elena M. Umland Pharm.D. Urinary incontinence (UI) is the involuntary loss of urine. It is not a disease, but rather a symptom of an underlying process. It is…

Nephrotic and Nephritic Renal Disease Hillary Wall Pharm.D. Joseph A. Grillo Pharm.D. Eva Fischer M.D. Glomerular disease is the third largest cause of chronic renal insufficiency in the United States….

Chronic Renal Failure Richard MacDougall RPA-C The kidney has many important regulatory functions, such as body fluid volume, solute dilution and concentration, acid–base balance, and excretion of waste products. The…

Acute Renal Failure Gail A. Breen PharmD, BCPS Acute renal failure (ARF) is a deterioration of renal function, over a period of hours to days, resulting in failure of the…