13 Inflammation, Wound Healing, and Infection

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 13 Inflammation, Wound Healing, and Infection

The most crucial component of infection prevention is frequent and effective hand hygiene. The ideal hand hygiene agent kills a broad spectrum of microbes, has antimicrobial activity that persists for…

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23 Rare Coexisting Diseases

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 23 Rare Coexisting Diseases

The cytoskeleton of the muscle membrane in patients with muscular dystrophy is abnormal and susceptible to damage. Massive release of intracellular contents, including potassium, may occur after exposure to succinylcholine…

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40 Obstetrical Anesthesia

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 40 Obstetrical Anesthesia

As oxygen consumption increases during pregnancy, the maternal cardiovascular system adapts to meet the metabolic demands of a growing fetus. Airway edema may be particularly severe in women with preeclampsia,…

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11 Respiratory Function in Anesthesia

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 11 Respiratory Function in Anesthesia

In a person with normal lungs, breathing can be performed exclusively by the diaphragm. In the adult, the tip of an orotracheal tube moves an average of 3.8 cm with…

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10 Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 10 Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology

The mechanical capabilities of the heart are determined by its cartilaginous skeleton, myocardial fiber orientation, valves, coronary blood supply, and conduction system. The cardiac myocyte is engineered for contraction and…

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15 Autonomic Nervous System: Physiology and Pharmacology

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 15 Autonomic Nervous System: Physiology and Pharmacology

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) includes that part of the central and peripheral nervous system concerned with involuntary regulation of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, glandular and visceral functions. The sympathetic…

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58 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 58 Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Brain adenosine triphosphate is depleted after 4 to 6 minutes of no blood flow. It returns nearly to normal within 6 minutes of starting effective cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Through living…

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37 Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 37 Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery

It is important to determine prior to the onset of anesthesia and surgery whether the patient will be able to tolerate the planned lung resection. Preoperative assessment of vital capacity…

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52 Trauma and Burns

Nov 25, 2016 by in ANESTHESIA Comments Off on 52 Trauma and Burns

Airway management is tailored to the type of injury, the nature and degree of airway compromise, and the patient’s hemodynamic and oxygenation status. Fast computed tomography technology with the capability…

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