Thoracic Anesthesia
Fig. 28.1 Anatomy of the respiratory system Fig. 28.2 Tracheobronchial tree anatomy After the tracheal division into the right and left bronchus, there are subsequent divisions—total of 23 generations of…
Critical Care
1.Compassion 2. Communication (with patient and family) 3. Consideration (to patients, relatives, and colleagues) and avoidance of conflict 4. Comfort: prevention of suffering 5. Carefulness (avoidance of injury) 6. Consistency…
Pain Management
Fiber Primary function Order of susceptibility Signs of blockade A-alpha Motor—skeletal muscle 5th—last Loss of motor function A-beta Sensory—touch, pressure 4th Loss of sensation to touch, pressure A-gamma Proprioception 3rd…
Cardiac Anesthesia
Heart rate Colloquial Pulse rate, heartbeats per minute Clinical Periodicity or frequency of contraction Fundamental Intactness of nodal function and innervation Monitoring methods ECG, pulse waveforms Rhythm Colloquial Beat pattern,…
Anesthesia Machine
Fig. 5.1 Anesthesia workstation The anesthesia machine is designed to supply medical gases from a gas supply, then mix the gases with inhalational agents at desired concentrations, and deliver the…
Ultrasound-Guided Peripheral Nerve Blocks
(1) Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 208051, 333 Cedar Street, TMP 3, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USA Thomas M. Halaszynski Email: Thomas.halaszynski@yale.edu KeywordsUltrasound-guided interscalene blockUltrasound-guided supraclavicular blockUltrasound-guided infraclavicular…
Patient Monitoring
An anesthesia provider will be present in the operating room throughout the entire anesthetic course Oxygen delivery will be measured using an oxygen analyzer placed in the inspiratory limb of…
Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia
Fig. 21.1 The vertebral column Although vertebrae differ in their structure and function depending on their location, most of the articulating vertebrae are comprised of a body, an arch, and…
Local Anesthetics
Agent Spinal Epidural Nerve block Durationa Lidocaine Can be used 2 %, 15–30 ml 2 %, 30–50 ml 1–1.5 h Ropivacaine Can be used 0.2 %, 10–20 ml 0.5 %,…
