Critical Neuropathophysiology
30 Critical Neuropathophysiology W. Andrew Kofke Neural function is essential to human existence. Thus, loss of any neural element in the course of a critical illness represents a major loss…
CRITICAL CARE
Liver Transplantation
197 Liver Transplantation David J. Kramer Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTX) is the definitive treatment for patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD). It affords the opportunity for a disabled person to…
Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethylene Glycol
171 Ethanol, Methanol, and Ethylene Glycol James A. Kruse Ethanol Intoxication Ethanol, also known as ethyl alcohol or grain alcohol, is one of many compounds chemically classified as alcohols, but…
Neuroimaging
40 Neuroimaging David J. Michelson, Stephen Ashwal Methods Plain Radiographs Plain radiographs can be acquired rapidly and inexpensively but are of limited value in studying patients with suspected central nervous…
Myocarditis and Acute Myopathies
83 Myocarditis and Acute Myopathies Fredric Ginsberg, Joseph E. Parrillo Myocarditis in the Intensive Care Unit Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of heart muscle.1 Many different etiologic agents have been…
Mechanical Ventilation
48 Mechanical Ventilation Neil R. Macintyre Positive-pressure mechanical ventilatory support provides pressure and flow to the airways to effect oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) transport between the environment and…
Pediatric Trauma
210 Pediatric Trauma Bradley Peterson, Susan Duthie Injury is the leading cause of medical expenditure for children aged 5 to 14 years. In addition, traumatic injury accounts for approximately 300,000…
Fluids and Electrolytes in Children
113 Fluids and Electrolytes in Children Desmond Bohn The fundamental principles that govern fluid and electrolyte physiology in pediatrics are in many instances similar to those in adults, particularly in…
Renal Replacement Therapy
115 Renal Replacement Therapy Claudio Ronco, Zaccaria Ricci, Rinaldo Bellomo, Vincenzo D’intini Severe acute kidney injury (AKI) causes dysregulation in the homeostasis of fluid, potassium, metabolic acids, and waste products,…
Thoracic Trauma
207 Thoracic Trauma Walter L. Biffl Thoracic trauma is responsible for approximately 20% of all trauma-related deaths and is second only to head trauma as the primary cause of death…
