Sedation and Delirium
Fig. 27.1 Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (© Vanderbilt University) Table 27.1 The ICU pain, agitation, and delirium care bundle Component Pain Agitation Delirium Assess Assess ≥4×/shift and prn NRS if patient…
Thyroid Storm
Common Known Triggers of Thyroid Storm : Withdrawal of anti-thyroid drug therapy Iodide compound intake or radioiodine (I131 or I123) therapy in patients with Graves’ disease or autonomously functioning thyroid…
Management of Severe Hyponatremia and SIADH
Hypovolemic Euvolemic Hypervolemic Orthostasis Poor skin turgor Dry mucous membranes Normal heart rate and blood pressure Normal skin turgor Moist mucus membranes Lower extremity or sacral edema Ascites Table 46.2…
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
Disorder Onset time Muscular symptom Other features Postulated mechanism Causative agents Possible treatments Medication-induced movement disorder Medication-induced acute dystonia Hours to a few days Sustained, involuntary muscle contraction,…
The Post-intensive Care Syndrome
Domain Diagnosis Prevention Rehabilitation Cognition Use a validated, screening test at time of discharge or initial follow-up (e.g., Montreal Cognitive Assessment) ABCDEF bundle to minimize delirium and preserve physical function…
Respiratory Failure in a Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Fig. 30.1 (a) Baseline CT scan of patient with basal predominant interlobular septal thickening and traction bronchiechtasis and mild (lower right lung) honeycombing typical of IPF. (b) CT scan of…
Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia and Other Complications
Fig. 29.1 Chest xray on ICU day 5 Question What is this patient’s diagnosis? Answer Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Despite aggressive and supportive management, pneumonias that arise from hospital settings remain…
Acute Exacerbation of COPD: Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Robert C. Hyzy (ed.)Evidence-Based Critical Care10.1007/978-3-319-43341-7_22 22. Acute Exacerbation of COPD: Non-invasive Positive Pressure Ventilation Kristy A. Bauman1 (1) Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor,…
Acute Respiratory Failure: NIV Implementation and Intubation
Fig. 5.1 Chest x-ray Question What is the next appropriate step in the management of this patient? Answer Depending on her goals of care, this patient should most likely be…
Community Acquired Pneumonia
Fig. 20.1 Representative image of the CT chest upon admission Question What would be the best empirical therapy for this patient? Answer Ceftriaxone, azithromycin, and linezolid. Because of additional concern…
