First author, year Patients Design Population Intubation rate Risk factors for intubation Wysocki, 1995 41 Monocenter RCT: NIV vs. O2 ARF not related to AECOPD NIV: 62% vs. O2: 70%…
Central venous pressure Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/h Urine output ≥0.5 mL/kg/h >8 Furosemideb Furosemidec 4–8 Fluid bolusb Furosemidec <4 Fluid bolusb No interventionc Adapted from Grissom et al. [69] aRecommended…
Fig. 5.1 Types of recruitment maneuvers. Sigh maneuver (a), typical sustained inflation maneuver (b), slow stepwise maneuver based on step-by-step changes in PEEP (c) 5.3.1 Sigh A RM consisting in…
Fig. 6.1 Distribution of aerated, poorly aerated, and non-aerated lung regions at end expiration (a and c) and end inspiration (b and d) in supine and in prone position. The…
Figure 9.1 Necrotizing Fasciitis of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall extending to the chest and axilla. There is extensive erythema and fixed staining with areas of full thickness necrosis…
Figure 7.1 X-ray demonstrating tooth fragments adjacent to laceration Various levels of the root can also be fractured. This should be suspected when the tooth is loose and should be…
Figure 5.1 An intraoral view of erythematous tonsils with debris in the swollen crypts. Follicular tonsillitis Key Features of History and Examination Sore throat, pain, and difficulty on swallowing Past…
Figure 10.1 Diffuse brain injury Axial CT. Note that even in this severe brain injury, the image on the left is not significantly abnormal. The higher slice shows small petechial…
Major criteria Three positive blood cultures (taken 12 h apart) showing typical organisms, such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, or Enterococci Evidence of endocardial infection, such as demonstration of a…
Figure 6.1 Algorithm for management of priapism The corpus cavernosum is engorged in priapism where as the corpus spongiosum is spared and not engorged. Use of prescribed drugs like antihypertensives,…
