Plastic Surgery Emergencies
Figure 9.1 Necrotizing Fasciitis of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall extending to the chest and axilla. There is extensive erythema and fixed staining with areas of full thickness necrosis…
Maxillofacial Emergencies
Figure 7.1 X-ray demonstrating tooth fragments adjacent to laceration Various levels of the root can also be fractured. This should be suspected when the tooth is loose and should be…
ENT Emergencies
Figure 5.1 An intraoral view of erythematous tonsils with debris in the swollen crypts. Follicular tonsillitis Key Features of History and Examination Sore throat, pain, and difficulty on swallowing Past…
Neurosurgery Emergencies
Figure 10.1 Diffuse brain injury Axial CT. Note that even in this severe brain injury, the image on the left is not significantly abnormal. The higher slice shows small petechial…
Cardiothoracic Surgical Emergencies
Major criteria Three positive blood cultures (taken 12 h apart) showing typical organisms, such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, or Enterococci Evidence of endocardial infection, such as demonstration of a…
Urological Emergencies
Figure 6.1 Algorithm for management of priapism The corpus cavernosum is engorged in priapism where as the corpus spongiosum is spared and not engorged. Use of prescribed drugs like antihypertensives,…
Clinical Cases
Fig. 14.1 ROTEM thromboelastometry profile performed before, during, and after the surgical intervention and then daily for 1 week. Reference values: INTEM CT 100–240 s, CFT 30–110 s, MCF 50–72…
Blood Products, Derivates, and Prohemostatic Drugs
Fig. 6.1 EXTEM ROTEM trace of low platelet count in a patient with cirrhosis pre and post platelet transfusion 6.2.3 Adverse Events A comprehensive review of adverse plasma transfusion reactions…
Clinical Management of Severe Bleeding in Trauma Patients
Fig. 7.1 Physiopathology of trauma-induced coagulopathy Transfusion of ≥10 units of RBCs, which approximates the total blood volume (TBV) of an average adult patient, within 24 h Transfusion of at…
Management of Severe Bleeding in Cardiovascular Patients
Fig. 8.1 Calibrated automated thrombography. ETP endogenous thrombin potential; TF tissue factor Conventional tests offer a limited information on thrombin generation, even if prothrombin time and international normalized ratio are…
