Chapter 90 Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin immunomodulatory therapy James P. Isbister Bloodletting to remove ‘evil humours’ has a long history of over 2000 years. Although not based on…
Chapter 87 Enteral and parenteral nutrition Richard Leonard It is standard practice to provide nutritional support to critically ill patients, in order to • treat existing malnutrition • minimise wasting…
Chapter 60 HIV and the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Steve Wesselingh, Martyn AH. French HIV REPLICATION Human immunodeficiency viruses (HIVs) 1 and 2 are retroviruses of the Lentivirus group. Like other…
Chapter 41 Renal replacement therapy Rinaldo Bellomo When acute renal failure (ARF) is severe, resolution can take several days or weeks. During this time, the kidneys cannot maintain homeostasis of…
Chapter 76 Envenomation James Tibballs Envenomation by species of snakes, spiders, ticks, bees, ants, wasps, jellyfish, octopuses or cone shell snails may threaten life, while envenomation by other creatures may…
Chapter 83 Vasodilators and antihypertensives John A. Myburgh Vasodilators are a generic group of drugs that are primarily used in the intensive care unit (ICU) for the management of acute…
Chapter 45 Cerebral protection Victoria Heaviside, Michelle Hayes The cerebral circulation is arguably the most important and most vulnerable in the body. Arrest of the circulation for only a few…
Chapter 81 Sedation, analgesia and muscle relaxation in the intensive care unit Peter V. van Heerden Despite the widespread use of sedative and analgesic agents in the intensive care unit…
Chapter 74 Thermal disorders Anwar Hussein Body temperature is normally very tightly controlled by a balance between heat production and heat loss, through a complex feedback mechanism involving the thermoregulatory…
Chapter 57 Severe pre-existing disease in pregnancy Steve M. Yentis The two main sources of information about the spectrum of pre-existing conditions that result in severe morbidity in pregnancy are…
