Anesthetic Neurotoxicity
A major concern within the specialty of anesthesiology for many years has been the impact of general anesthesia and sedative drugs on neurodevelopment and cognition across the life span. Although…
ANESTHESIA
Neuromuscular Blocking Drugs
Neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) interrupt transmission of nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and thereby produce paresis or paralysis of skeletal muscles. On the basis of electrophysiologic differences in…
Local Anesthetics
Local anesthesia can be defined as loss of sensation in a discrete region of the body caused by disruption of impulse generation or propagation. Local anesthesia can be produced by…
Inhaled Anesthetics
History The discovery of inhaled anesthesia reflects the contributions of clinicians and scientists in the United States and England ( Fig. 7.1 ). The most commonly used inhaled anesthetics in…
Clinical Cardiac and Pulmonary Physiology
No specialty in medicine manages cardiac and pulmonary physiology as directly on a daily basis as anesthesiology. An understanding of cardiorespiratory physiology prepares the anesthesia team to manage critical and…
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is essential for survival and responsible for the body’s involuntary activities such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulatory homeostasis. The ANS is divided into two major…
Anesthesia and Health Information Technology
The editors and publisher would like to thank Dr. James Caldwell for contributing to this chapter in the previous edition of this work. It has served as the foundation for…
Learning Anesthesia
The challenges of learning perioperative anesthesia care have grown considerably as the specialty, and medicine in general, have evolved. The beginning anesthesia trainee is faced with an ever-increasing quantity of…
Scope of Anesthesia Practice
The specialty of anesthesiology has evolved dramatically since the first public demonstration of ether use in the 19th century. Originally, the emphasis was completely on providing surgical anesthesia. As surgical…
Sterilization and Disinfection
Abstract Sterilization and disinfection are the basic components of hospital infection control activities. Every day, a number of hospitals are performing various surgical procedures. Even more number of invasive procedures…
