Preoperative Assessment: Overview The specialty of anesthesia is continually expanding in scope, particularly in the area of perioperative medicine. The role of an anesthesiologist today encompasses not only the intraoperative…
The editors and publisher would like to thank Dr. Ronald D. Miller for contributing to this chapter in the previous edition of this work. It has served as the foundation…
A major concern within the specialty of anesthesiology for many years has been the impact of general anesthesia and sedative drugs on neurodevelopment and cognition across the life span. Although…
Neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs) interrupt transmission of nerve impulses at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) and thereby produce paresis or paralysis of skeletal muscles. On the basis of electrophysiologic differences in…
Local anesthesia can be defined as loss of sensation in a discrete region of the body caused by disruption of impulse generation or propagation. Local anesthesia can be produced by…
History The discovery of inhaled anesthesia reflects the contributions of clinicians and scientists in the United States and England ( Fig. 7.1 ). The most commonly used inhaled anesthetics in…
No specialty in medicine manages cardiac and pulmonary physiology as directly on a daily basis as anesthesiology. An understanding of cardiorespiratory physiology prepares the anesthesia team to manage critical and…
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is essential for survival and responsible for the body’s involuntary activities such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulatory homeostasis. The ANS is divided into two major…
The editors and publisher would like to thank Dr. James Caldwell for contributing to this chapter in the previous edition of this work. It has served as the foundation for…
