Ultrasound-guided caudal block
Figure 20.1 Transverse sonoanatomy of the sacral (sacrum cornu (SC), sacrococcygeal ligament above sacral hiatus, coccyx) – the “frog eye sign.” Longitudinal scan The sagital sonogram of the sacrum shows…
Ultrasound-guided paravertebral block
Figure 17.1 Axial sonoanatomy of the paravertebral space. Figure 17.2 Labeled axial sonoanatomy of the paravertebral space (PVS). IIM, internal intercostal membrane; TP, transverse process. Landmarks For unilateral paravertebral block…
Basics of ultrasonography for regional anesthesia in children
(a) Curve array probe (left), linear array probe 38 mm (middle), and linear array probe 25 mm (right). (b) “Hockey-stick” type probe. Figure 5.2 Specific needle covered with “cornerstone” reflectors…
Ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve block
Figure 13.1 Sonoanatomy popliteal fossa. CPN, common peroneal nerve; TN, tibial nerve: both nerves constitute the sciatic nerve. PA, popliteal artery. The sciatic nerve’s whole length can be visualized sonographically,…
Ultrasound-guided facial blocks
Figure 21.1 Probe placement and puncture site location for supraorbital nerve block. Ultrasound transverse view of disruption of the bone table at the foramina and vessel identification using color Doppler….
Ultrasound-guided epidural anesthesia
Figure 18.1 Transverse ultrasound imaging of the lumbar vertebral level L3–L4 in a 1-month-old infant. Epidural space lies between the ligamentum flavum (LF) and the posterior dura mater (DM). Note…
Ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block
Figure 16.1 Sonoanatomy for a rectus sheath block. Figure 16.2 Labeled sonoanatomy for a rectus sheath (RS) block. Landmarks The child is placed supine and the outline of the rectus…
Ultrasound-guided transversus abdominis plane block
Figure 15.1 Sonoanatomy for transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block. Figure 15.2 Labeled sonoanatomy for TAP block. EO, external oblique muscle; IO, internal oblique muscle; TA, transversus abdominis muscle; TAP, transversus…
Ultrasound-guided ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric block
Figure 14.1 Sonoanatomy for the ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric block (ILIHB). Figure 14.2 Labeled sonoanatomy for the ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric block (ILIHB). ASIS, anterior superior iliac spine; EO, external oblique; IH, iliohypogastric nerve; II, ilioinguinal…
Ultrasound-guided saphenous nerve block
Figure 12.1 Sonoanatomy of the saphenous nerve in adductor canal. The canal is bounded anteriorly by the sartorius muscle, antero-laterally by the vastus medialis and postero-medially by the adductor muscles…
