Intensive care unit (ICU)
The normal range is 900–1400 dyn/s/cm−5. Define the pulmonary vascular resistance The normal range is 150–250 dyn/s/cm−5. What are the complications of insertion? These include complications from central line insertion…
Acid–base interpretation
7.35, alkalemia refers to a pH 7.45. Acidosis refers to a process that increases hydrogen ion concentration, while alkalosis refers to a process that decreases hydrogen ion concentration. Patients are…
Severe sepsis and septic shock
SIRS Criteria (2 of the following are required) Fever or hypothermia <36°C (96.8°F) or >38°C (100.4°F) Tachycardia HR >90 bpm Tachypnea RR >20 or PaCO2 <32 mmHg Leukocytosis/leukopenia <4000/microliter, >12…
Necrotizing soft tissue and skin infections
Type Microbial etiology Type I Polymicrobial (most common) Type II Monomicrobial (streptococci, staphylococci, clostridia) Type III Vibrio vulnificus (associated with seawater exposure) Presentation Classic presentation NSTIs are notoriously difficult to…
Thyroid storm
Infection/sepsis Surgery Acute coronary syndrome/myocardial infarction Cerebral vascular accident Trauma (especially neck trauma) Medication noncompliance Thyroid hormone ingestion Iodine contrast Presentation The broad clinical picture is one suggestive of a…
Pericarditis and myocarditis
Viral Bacterial Fungal Parasitic Radiation induced Drug induced Neoplastic Systemic inflammatory disease Myocardial infarction/Dressler syndrome (pericarditis) Traumatic (pericarditis) Metabolic (pericarditis) Peripartum (myocarditis) Myocarditis Myocarditis is an inflammatory disorder of the…
Ischemic strokes
These statements must be true in order to consider tPA administration:1. Ischemic stroke onset within 3 hours, or in certain causes within 4.5 hours.2. Measurable deficit on NIH Stroke Scale…
The boarding ICU patient in the emergency department
Figure 5.1. Components of oxygen delivery. CaO2, arterial oxygen content; PaO2, partial pressure of oxygen; SaO2, oxygen saturation; Hgb, hemoglobin. Endpoints of resuscitation Endpoints of resuscitation (EOR) are vital to…
Acute kidney injury and emergent dialysis
0.3 mg/dL within 48 hours, or Increase in serum creatinine to 1.5 times baseline within the prior 7 days, or Urine volume <0.5 mL/kg/hour for 6 hours. There are three…
