Venous Oxygen Saturation Monitoring
Figure 7-1 Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs and tissues. (Courtesy of Edwards LifeSciences.) Oxygen Delivery Oxygen delivery (DO2) comprises three steps: (1) gas exchange at the…
Doppler Hemodynamic Monitoring
Figure 10-1 Simplified relationship of therapy (volume, inotropes, vasopressors, vasodilator medications), physiology, hemodynamics and oxygen demand (VO2), and delivery (DO2), demonstrating the central role of stroke volume index (SVI) as…
Pulmonary Artery Pressure and Thermodilution Cardiac Output Monitoring
for Calculated Values*RAP or CVPPAOPPAPCOSvO2#RVEDPSVCIPVRSVRO2 delivery#LVEDP CI, Cardiac index; CO, cardiac output; CVP, central venous pressure; LVEDP, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; O2, oxygen; PAOP, pulmonary artery occlusion pressure; PAP, pulmonary…
Capnography Monitoring
Figure 8-1 Infrared (IR) light absorption by the carbon dioxide (CO2) molecules. Sidestream Capnography Sidestream capnography (Figure 8-2) is the most widely used method for continuous CO2 monitoring in the…
Hemodynamics of Mechanical Circulatory Support
Figure 15-1 Intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) catheter correctly positioned in the thoracic aorta just below the left subclavian artery and above the renal arteries. Hemodynamic and Physiologic Effects of Intra-aortic…
Hemodynamics of Acute Right Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension
Figure 18-1 Right ventricular anatomy. The RV architecture includes the intraventricular septum. The septum divides the two ventricles of the heart and is essential in the motion of ventricular contraction….
Hemodynamics of Mechanical Ventilation and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Figure 14-1 A, During spontaneous breathing, the intercostal muscles contract, and the diaphragm expands the thoracic cavity, creating negative intrathoracic pressure drawing air into the lungs. This negative pressure supports…
Hemodynamic Management of Heart Failure and Cardiogenic Shock
Data from Go AS, Mozaffarian D, Roger VL, et al.: Heart disease and stroke statistics—2014 update: a report from the American Heart Association, Circulation 129:e28–e292, 2013. Table 17-2 Annual Cost…
Hemodynamics of Sepsis
Figure 20-1 Relationship of infection, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), sepsis, severe sepsis, and septic shock. (Adapted from Bone RC, et al.: Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines…
Hemodynamic Management in Hypovolemia and Trauma
Data from National Institutes of Health: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute: NHLBI fact book, fiscal year 2012 (February 2013). Bethesda, MD, 2012, NHLBI. These multiple issues in the aging…
