Major criteria Three positive blood cultures (taken 12 h apart) showing typical organisms, such as Streptococcus viridans, Staphylococcus aureus, or Enterococci Evidence of endocardial infection, such as demonstration of a…
Figure 6.1 Algorithm for management of priapism The corpus cavernosum is engorged in priapism where as the corpus spongiosum is spared and not engorged. Use of prescribed drugs like antihypertensives,…
Fig. 14.1 ROTEM thromboelastometry profile performed before, during, and after the surgical intervention and then daily for 1 week. Reference values: INTEM CT 100–240 s, CFT 30–110 s, MCF 50–72…
Fig. 6.1 EXTEM ROTEM trace of low platelet count in a patient with cirrhosis pre and post platelet transfusion 6.2.3 Adverse Events A comprehensive review of adverse plasma transfusion reactions…
Fig. 7.1 Physiopathology of trauma-induced coagulopathy Transfusion of ≥10 units of RBCs, which approximates the total blood volume (TBV) of an average adult patient, within 24 h Transfusion of at…
Fig. 8.1 Calibrated automated thrombography. ETP endogenous thrombin potential; TF tissue factor Conventional tests offer a limited information on thrombin generation, even if prothrombin time and international normalized ratio are…
Fig. 13.1 Emilia-Romagna, Italy Fig. 13.2 Emilia-Romagna integrated trauma care system (SIAT) The SIAT works according to hub and spoke model: severe and resource-consuming patients are centralized in first-level hubs…
Body weight (kg) Targeted increase in MCF (A10) FIB TEM 4 mm 8 mm 12 mm 16 mm 20 0.5 g 1 g 1.5 g 2 g 40 1 g…
Fig. 12.1 Heparin rebound. Postoperative bleeding in aortic valve replacement. (a) Kaolin-TEG trace without heparinase. (b) Kaolin-TEG trace with heparinase. The presence of heparinase reduces R-time and K-time and normalizes…
Fig. 11.1 A schematic overview of the main principal coagulopathies in ICU critical patients. DIC disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, HIT heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, NOAC novel oral anticoagulant (Modified from Levi and van…
