Weaning in ARDS
Fig. 9.1 Flow diagram for weaning in ARDS; derived from [26, 27, 34, 47–50] There is insufficient evidence to evaluate the effectiveness of protocol-directed sedation regimes as results from the…
Stem Cells and Their Immunomodulatory Potential for the Treatment of ARDS
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2017Davide Chiumello (ed.)Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome10.1007/978-3-319-41852-0_17 17. Stem Cells and Their Immunomodulatory Potential for the Treatment of ARDS Claudia C. dos Santos1, 2 (1) The Keenan Centre for Biomedical Research, The…
Noninvasive Ventilatory Support in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
First author, year Patients Design Population Intubation rate Risk factors for intubation Wysocki, 1995 41 Monocenter RCT: NIV vs. O2 ARF not related to AECOPD NIV: 62% vs. O2: 70%…
Hemodynamic Monitoring and Fluid Management in ARDS
Central venous pressure Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/h Urine output ≥0.5 mL/kg/h >8 Furosemideb Furosemidec 4–8 Fluid bolusb Furosemidec <4 Fluid bolusb No interventionc Adapted from Grissom et al. [69] aRecommended…
Ventilation Strategies: Recruitment Maneuvers
Fig. 5.1 Types of recruitment maneuvers. Sigh maneuver (a), typical sustained inflation maneuver (b), slow stepwise maneuver based on step-by-step changes in PEEP (c) 5.3.1 Sigh A RM consisting in…
Prone Position
Fig. 6.1 Distribution of aerated, poorly aerated, and non-aerated lung regions at end expiration (a and c) and end inspiration (b and d) in supine and in prone position. The…
Plastic Surgery Emergencies
Figure 9.1 Necrotizing Fasciitis of the anterior and lateral abdominal wall extending to the chest and axilla. There is extensive erythema and fixed staining with areas of full thickness necrosis…
Maxillofacial Emergencies
Figure 7.1 X-ray demonstrating tooth fragments adjacent to laceration Various levels of the root can also be fractured. This should be suspected when the tooth is loose and should be…
ENT Emergencies
Figure 5.1 An intraoral view of erythematous tonsils with debris in the swollen crypts. Follicular tonsillitis Key Features of History and Examination Sore throat, pain, and difficulty on swallowing Past…
Neurosurgery Emergencies
Figure 10.1 Diffuse brain injury Axial CT. Note that even in this severe brain injury, the image on the left is not significantly abnormal. The higher slice shows small petechial…
