Traditional and Novel Tools for Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury
Stage Serum creatinine Urine output 1 1.5–1.9 times baseline OR ≥0.3 mg/dl (>26.5 μmol/l) increase <0.5 ml/kg/h for 6–12 h 2 2.0–2.9 times baseline <0.5 ml/kg/h for ≥12 h 3…
Stage Serum creatinine Urine output 1 1.5–1.9 times baseline OR ≥0.3 mg/dl (>26.5 μmol/l) increase <0.5 ml/kg/h for 6–12 h 2 2.0–2.9 times baseline <0.5 ml/kg/h for ≥12 h 3…
Fig. 72.1 Peripheral Smear of DIC Question What is the diagnosis? Answer Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) characterized by endothelial dysfunction,…
Fig. 34.1 Chest X-ray at initial presentation showing multifocal bilateral alveolar opacities Fig. 34.2 (a, b) Chest CT images performed after hemodialysis showing diffuse bilateral alveolar opacities Fig. 34.3 Sequential…
Fig. 37.1 Axial CT brain demonstrating right putaminal hemorrhage (From Brott et al. [1]. Reprinted with permission from Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) Question Would early surgical intervention be appropriate in…
Patient characteristics Points Total score 1-year mortality % (95 % CI) Non-trauma 1 0 4 (0, 9) Requiring vasopressors 1 1 28 (19, 37) Requiring hemodialysis 1 2 43 (35,…
Fig. 36.1 Gram positive lancet shaped diplococcic confirming Streptococcus pneumonia (Image courtesy of Dr. Valerie Ng at Alameda Health System) During transfer of the patient from the ED, the patient…
Fig. 87.1 Chest X-ray on admission showing cardiomegaly without significant pulmonary congestion Fig. 87.2 Trans-thoracic echocardiogram 4-chamber view showing enlargement of both left and right ventricles consistent with a dilated…
Fig 60.1 (a, b) Generalized jaundice Fig. 60.2 (a, b) Ecchymosis (left) and dark urine demonstrating hemoglobinuria Fig. 60.3 (a, b) Conjunctival suffusion Question What is the diagnosis? Answer Leptospirosis…
Fig. 21.1 Chest x-ray of patient with ARDS from case study showing bilateral alveolar infiltrates Fig. 21.2 Representative section of chest CT from patient in case study demonstrating bilateral alveolar…
Fig. 54.1 Multiple peribronchovascular opacities with spiculated consolidative peripheral opacity in left upper lobe Fig. 54.2 Patchy peribronchovascular opacities present in both lungs Fig. 54.3 Cavitary foci within the consolidative…