Chapter 44 Acute cerebrovascular complications Bernard Riley Cerebrovascular disease is common and its acute manifestations, known as stroke, produce considerable morbidity and mortality. Stroke is defined as an acute focal…
Chapter 54 Acute calcium disorders Balasubramanian Venkatesh Calcium is an important cation and the principal electrolyte of the body. A total of 1–2 kg is present in the average adult,…
Chapter 100 Sedation and analgesia in children Geoff Knight All children, including preterm infants, feel and remember pain and discomfort.1 Provision of adequate sedation and analgesia should therefore be a…
Chapter 95 Heart and lung transplantation Cliff J. Morgan The first successful cardiac transplantation was performed at Groote Schuur, South Africa in 1967 and was followed by operations in other…
Chapter 93 Organ donation Stephen J. Streat Intensivists often have responsibility for the care of organ transplant recipients and have seen the benefits they obtain from transplantation. Clinical results continue…
Chapter 64 Principles of antibiotic use Jeffrey Lipman The intensive care unit (ICU) is always the area of any hospital associated with the greatest use of antibiotics. Much of this…
Chapter 86 Metabolic response to injury and infection Ian K S. Tan Injury and infection evoke in the host a hypermetabolic inflammatory response and a compensatory hypometabolic hypoimmune response. The…
Chapter 66 Severe and multiple trauma James A. Judson Trauma can be defined as physical injury from mechanical energy. It is usually categorised as blunt or penetrating. In Western countries,…
Chapter 62 Nosocomial infection Neil Soni Nosocomial or hospital-acquired infections are a major problem in hospitals, affecting up to 9% of inpatients at any one time. Intensive care units (ICUs)…
Chapter 28 Humidification and inhalation therapy Andrew D. Bersten The upper airway normally warms, moistens and filters inspired gas. When these functions are impaired by disease, or when the nasopharynx…
