Mitral Valve: Introduction Print Section Listen The evaluation of valvular heart disease has become increasingly dependent on echocardiography. Since its introduction to the operating room, transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has played…
Aortic Valve: Introduction Print Section Listen Aortic valve replacement (AVR) is the most common valve replacement procedure and the second most common cardiac operation following coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)…
Prosthetic Valves: Introduction Print Section Listen Over the past three decades, significant advances have been made with respect to the evolution of prosthetic heart valves and the manner in which…
Structure and Function Print Section Listen As the role of the right ventricle (RV) in overall cardiac function has been more fully appreciated, greater efforts have been made to describe…
Mitral Valve Repair: Introduction Print Section Listen The superiority of mitral valve repair over replacement in patients with mitral valve disease is now widely accepted. This is mainly due to…
Tricuspid and Pulmonic Valves: Introduction Print Section Listen A detailed transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) examination of the right-sided heart valves can provide accurate diagnosis of valvular diseases; define anatomic, functional, and…
Pericardial Diseases: Introduction Print Section Listen Pericardial diseases constitute pathologic processes that involve the pericardium, the pericardial sac and its contents, and the thoracic structures surrounding the heart. Cardiovascular perturbations…
Guidelines and Clinical Indications for a Comprehensive Transesophageal Examination Print Section Listen Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) training and certification have become standardized with the use of recognized nomenclature and tomographic views….
Anatomic Variants and Ultrasound Artifacts: Introduction Print Section Listen Anatomic variants are variations in normal anatomy that can be misinterpreted as pathological conditions. Many anatomic variants are remnant structures from…
Understanding Ultrasound System Controls: Introduction Print Section Listen It is crucial for clinicians performing transesophageal (TEE) examinations to understand how the controls on an ultrasound machine alter the display. Without…
