Carotid endarterectomy (CEA) was initially introduced in the early 1950s. An intuitively appealing procedure, the number of procedures rose steadily until 1985, when CEA was ranked the third most common…
Surgical management of brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) is one of the most challenging in neurosurgery and, despite the relative rarity of the disease, the subject of a disproportionally large fraction…
Although it is simplistic, the statement by the British neurosurgeon J. Gillingham that “in the early years anesthetists spent their time pushing the brain out of the skull while in…
Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank their colleague William Young MD who was responsible for much of the original text of this chapter. Interventional neuroradiology (INR) is the discipline…
Epidemiology According to the Central Brain Tumor Registry of the United States (CBTRUS) for the years 2007–2011, the incidence of primary brain and central nervous system (CNS) tumors is 21.42/100,000…
Introduced in 1982 by Aaslid and colleagues, transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography, sometimes termed a “stethoscope for brain,” has become one of the most useful methods of noninvasive examination of cerebral…
Most neurologic emergencies that require the intervention of an anesthesiologist are caused by head and spine trauma, leading to traumatic brain injury (TBI) and traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI). NonTBIs…
The confines of the posterior fossa and the myriad of neuronal and vascular structures that traverse it create a challenge for the anesthesiologist, whose intraoperative goals are to facilitate surgical…
Introduction Monitoring systemic and central nervous system physiology is fundamental to the perioperative and critical care management of patients with neurologic disease. The clinical neurologic examination remains the cornerstone of…
The use of evoked electrophysiological responses during surgery on the nervous system has become a common tool in the operating room. It is used to map the location of structures…
