Inhaled Anesthetics
History The discovery of inhaled anesthesia reflects the contributions of clinicians and scientists in the United States and England ( Fig. 7.1 ). The most commonly used inhaled anesthetics in…
Clinical Cardiac and Pulmonary Physiology
No specialty in medicine manages cardiac and pulmonary physiology as directly on a daily basis as anesthesiology. An understanding of cardiorespiratory physiology prepares the anesthesia team to manage critical and…
Autonomic Nervous System
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is essential for survival and responsible for the body’s involuntary activities such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, and thermoregulatory homeostasis. The ANS is divided into two major…
Anesthesia and Health Information Technology
The editors and publisher would like to thank Dr. James Caldwell for contributing to this chapter in the previous edition of this work. It has served as the foundation for…
Learning Anesthesia
The challenges of learning perioperative anesthesia care have grown considerably as the specialty, and medicine in general, have evolved. The beginning anesthesia trainee is faced with an ever-increasing quantity of…
Scope of Anesthesia Practice
The specialty of anesthesiology has evolved dramatically since the first public demonstration of ether use in the 19th century. Originally, the emphasis was completely on providing surgical anesthesia. As surgical…
Head and Neck Blocks
Abstract The addition of head and neck blocks to a pain management physician’s skill set can be rewarding for the practitioner as well as the patient. An understanding of the…
Fluoroscopy and Ultrasound-Guided Sympathetic Blocks: Stellate Ganglion, Lumbar Sympathetic Blocks, and Visceral Sympathetic Blocks
Abstract The paravertebral sympathetic chain extends from the neck down to the coccyx where it fuses to become a single ganglion. Besides its role in the defense of the body,…
Ultrasound-Guided Musculoskeletal Injections—Shoulder, Hip, and Knee
Abstract The application of ultrasound for musculoskeletal injection is becoming a popular technique. As pain originating from the musculoskeletal system is one of the most common causes for patients to…
Fluoroscopy and Radiation Safety
Abstract The use of fluoroscopy has revolutionized interventional pain management. Fluoroscopy is required in advanced procedures where precise needle placement is necessary. The increasing use of fluoroscopy necessitates that the…
