Drug Protein binding and hepatic extraction ratio Volume of distribution at steady state Clearance Elimination half-life Clinical significance in patients with liver disease Thiopental 85 % 0.2 Increased Decreased Prolonged…
Drug Mechanism Indication Dosing options Drug interactions Side effects Monobactam (aztreonam) Inhibition of cell wall mucopeptide synthesis Strong activity against gram-negative bacteria; may be substituted for penicillins or cephalosporin IV,…
Fig. 46.1 Characteristic short-long-short on ECG rhythm strip preceding episode of torsades de pointes (With kind permission from Springer Science + Business Media: Benson et al. [66], Figure 3, and…
Fig. 54.1 Anesthesia has both desirable and undesirable end points. General anesthetics cause the therapeutic end points of amnesia, immobility, unconsciousness, and analgesia (shown in blue). Cardiovascular instability, convulsions, respiratory…
Preload reduction Afterload reduction Decreased pulmonary venous congestion Reduction in ventricular wall stress Decreased ventricular wall stress Increased coronary blood flow Increased coronary blood flow Enhanced oxygen delivery Improved myocardial…
Chemical Structure 30.1 Levodopa Chemical Structure 30.2 Benzatropine Chemical Structure 30.3 Cyclophosphamide Chemical Structure 30.4 Riluzole Chemical Structure 30.5 Azathioprine References 1. Dierdorf SF, Walton JS. Rare and coexisting diseases….
Fig. 27.1 Arachidonic acid (on cell membrane) activated by phospholipase enzyme to become free arachidonic acid (AA) which goes to one of two pathways. (1) 5-hydroxyperoxy-arachidonic acid by lipoxygenase producing…
Fig. 24.1 Factor-based (historic) model of coagulation. From Slaughter [1] The coagulation process is divided into three phases: initiation, amplification, and propagation (Fig. 24.2). Fig. 24.2 Cell-based (contemporary) model of…
Chemical Structure 35.1 Ethyl alcohol/ethanol Chemical Structure 35.2 Povidone-iodine Chemical Structure 35.3 Sodium hypochlorite Chemical Structure 35.4 Hydrogen peroxide Chemical Structure 35.5 Chlorhexidine References 1. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task…
I. Pulmonary arterial hypertension Idiopathic Heritable Drug and toxin induced Associated with: Connective tissue diseases HIV infection Portal hypertension Congenital heart diseases Schistosomiasis Chronic hemolytic anemia Persistent pulmonary hypertension of…
