Preload reduction Afterload reduction Decreased pulmonary venous congestion Reduction in ventricular wall stress Decreased ventricular wall stress Increased coronary blood flow Increased coronary blood flow Enhanced oxygen delivery Improved myocardial…
Chemical Structure 30.1 Levodopa Chemical Structure 30.2 Benzatropine Chemical Structure 30.3 Cyclophosphamide Chemical Structure 30.4 Riluzole Chemical Structure 30.5 Azathioprine References 1. Dierdorf SF, Walton JS. Rare and coexisting diseases….
Fig. 27.1 Arachidonic acid (on cell membrane) activated by phospholipase enzyme to become free arachidonic acid (AA) which goes to one of two pathways. (1) 5-hydroxyperoxy-arachidonic acid by lipoxygenase producing…
Fig. 24.1 Factor-based (historic) model of coagulation. From Slaughter [1] The coagulation process is divided into three phases: initiation, amplification, and propagation (Fig. 24.2). Fig. 24.2 Cell-based (contemporary) model of…
Chemical Structure 35.1 Ethyl alcohol/ethanol Chemical Structure 35.2 Povidone-iodine Chemical Structure 35.3 Sodium hypochlorite Chemical Structure 35.4 Hydrogen peroxide Chemical Structure 35.5 Chlorhexidine References 1. American Society of Anesthesiologists Task…
I. Pulmonary arterial hypertension Idiopathic Heritable Drug and toxin induced Associated with: Connective tissue diseases HIV infection Portal hypertension Congenital heart diseases Schistosomiasis Chronic hemolytic anemia Persistent pulmonary hypertension of…
Fig. 50.1 Chemical structure of the naturally occurring compound cathinone and the three most common synthetic cathinones found in commercial “bath salt” preparations First synthesized in 1929, mephedrone was not…
Chemical Structure 47.1 Morphine Chemical Structure 47.2 Ropivacaine Chemical Structure 47.3 Levobupivacaine References 1. American Cancer Society. Cancer facts & figures 2012. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2012. 2. Vallejo R,…
Fig. 28.1 5-hydroxytryptamine3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonists Thompson [22] Serotonin released from enterochromaffin cells of the small intestinal mucosa binds to the 5-hydroxytryptamine type 3 (5-HT3) in the CTZ. Most of…
Chemical Structure 43.1 Etomidate Chemical Structure 43.2 Atracurium besylate Chemical Structure 43.3 Isoflurane References 1. Bungaard H. Acta Anesth Scanden. 1998;42(6):621–7.CrossRef 2. Kaye AD, Kucera IJ, Heavner J, Gelb A,…
