Perioperative Rhythm Abnormalities
TOPICS 1. The electrocardiogram 2. ECG abnormalities 3. Bradyarrhythmias 4. Temporary pacemaker 5. Supraventricular tachycardias 6. Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation 7. TEE and the ECG 8. Case scenario …
Routine Cardiac Surgery and Anesthesia
TOTOPICS 1. Immediate preoperative assessment and antibiotic prophylaxis 2. Monitoring and vascular access 3. Anesthetic induction and maintenance 4. Institution of cardiopulmonary bypass 5. Separation from CPB 6. Sternal…
Distal Upper Extremity
Elbow: Extend the elbow and identify the intercondylar line. Palpate the brachial artery pulse medially and the tendon of the biceps brachii muscle laterally. Elevate the shoulder 90 degrees and…
Paravertebral Block
Mark a 2.5 cm point lateral to each spinous process. Approach and Technique Out-of-plane needle guidance: Apply transducer perpendicular to skin in a parasagittal plane 2 cm lateral to the…
Femoral Nerve Block
The important landmarks for this block include the inguinal crease and femoral artery (FA). An anatomic study has shown the femoral nerve (FN) to be widest and most superficial at…
Axillary Block
The course of the axillary artery is palpated and marked in the proximal axilla. The expected location of the median nerve is superficial and lateral to the artery with the…
Ankle Block
Important surface landmarks to identify include the most cephalad portions of the medial malleolus (MM), lateral malleolus (LM), and the Achilles tendon posteriorly. The sural nerve is located in the…
Infraclavicular Block
After identification of this landmark, a point is marked 2 cm medial and 2 cm caudad to the most anterior tip of the coracoid process. A. View of right shoulder…
Subgluteal Sciatic Block
Landmarks for the ultrasound-guided subgluteal sciatic nerve block include the greater trochanter (GT) laterally and ischial tuberosity (IT) medially. Caudad to the gluteal crease, the sciatic nerve lies along the…
