D Guillain-barré syndrome Definition Guillain-Barré syndrome refers to acquired inflammatory peripheral neuropathies that are characterized by: (1) acute onset, (2) elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels with low CSF cell…
C Cerebrovascular disease Definition Cerebral vascular disorders are characterized by sudden neurologic deficits resulting from ischemia or hemorrhagic events. Cerebrovascular disease is any of a group of disorders that affects…
B Autonomic hyperreflexia and dysautonomia Definition Autonomic dysreflexia (or autonomic hyperreflexia) is a disorder that appears after resolution of spinal shock. Incidence and prevalence The incidence and prevalence depend on…
A Alzheimer’s disease and dementia Definition Dementia is the clinical syndrome characterized by acquired persistent impairment of cognitive and emotional abilities severe enough to interfere with daily functioning and quality…
G Peripheral vascular disease Definition Peripheral vascular disease (PVD) is an inflammatory disease of the peripheral vasculature. As the lumen of the vessel decreases in diameter, increases in resistance to…
F Pericardial disease This section focuses on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and anesthetic implications of three primary pericardial disease processes: acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis, and cardiac tamponade. The pericardium surrounds…
B Coronary artery disease Definition Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a complex disease state that involves narrowing of the coronary arteries. Incidence Coronary heart disease caused about one of every…
A Cardiomyopathy Definition Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the myocardium that are characterized by myocardial dysfunction. They ultimately affect contractile function, and life-threatening congestive heart failure (CHF) is common to all…
DBP, Diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure;. From U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on…
↓, Decreased; ↑, increased; →, therefore; CPB, cardiopulmonary bypass; LVEDP, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure; MAP, mean arterial pressure; MvO2, myocardial venous oxygen; N, nitroglycerin; SNP, sodium nitroprusside; SR, sinus rhythm
