Propofol and other sedatives as antiemetics
Figure 9.1 Simulated plasma concentrations of propofol during the first 6 h postoperatively. Propofol administered as an induction agent (PI); propofol administered for induction and at the end of surgery…
Genomics and personalized medicine in postoperative nausea and vomiting management
SNP in HTR3B: rs1176744, rs1672717, rs3782025, rs3758987, Tyr129Ser, Ala223Thr, Y129S; -100_-102delAAG deletion, c5+201_+202delCA, c6-137C>TSNP in HTR3C: K163 N, A405GSNP in HTR3D: rs6443930Cytochrome P450 2D6 isoformCYP2D6SNP: rs16947 (CYP2D6*2), rs35742686 (CYP2D6*3A), rs1135824…
Pharmacology of histamine, muscarine and dopamine antagonists
12.5–25 mg IMPerphenazine2–4 mg PO2.5–5 mg IMc; 1 mg IVcProchlorperazine5–10 mg IM, IVButyrophenonesDroperidol0.625–1.25 mg IVHaloperidol0.5–2 mg IM, IVBenzamidesMetoclopramide10–20 mg IM, IVAnticholinergicsTransdermal scopolamine1.5 mg transdermal IM, intramuscular; IV, intravenous; PO, oral….
Pharmacology of serotonin antagonists
html xmlns=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml” xmlns:mml=”http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML” xmlns:epub=”http://www.idpf.org/2007/ops”> Chapter 6 Pharmacology of serotonin antagonists Jacob Nouriel and Gildasio De Oliveira Serotonin antagonists were the first group of drugs specifically developed to prevent and/or treat…
Body volumes and fluid kinetics
Figure 7.1 Schematic drawing of our three body fluid compartments. The sizes of these body fluid volumes have been measured under steady state conditions by the use of tracer methods….
Cardiac surgery
Figure 22.1 Two-dimensional glycocalyx–cleft model of capillary fluid exchange: the sub-glycocalyx space is protected and is protein free, forming the basis for the “no-reabsorption rule.” The glycocalyx–cleft model identifies glycocalyx…
Hypovolemic shock
Figure 29.1 Circulatory dynamics in seven subjects at rest and during passive head-up tilt until the onset of (pre)syncopal symptoms, and return to the supine position. Values are mean and…
Absorption of irrigating fluid
Figure 33.1 Blood ethanol concentration as indicated in the breath (top); serum sodium (middle); and the fluid absorption rate as obtained by careful measurements of the volumetric fluid balance corrected…
Goal-directed fluid therapy
Figure 15.1 Fluid load versus complications (modified from Bellamy).[11] The challenge for us as clinicians is to keep our patients in the optimal range at all times during the perioperative…
Adverse effects of infusion fluids
Figure 34.1 A: Rebound hypoglycemia in a young male volunteer who received 14 ml/kg of glucose 5% over 45 min. B: Rebound hypoglycemia in a 19-year-old male who received 3.3…
