Anesthesia Key

Figure 25.1 Excision of the circular skin disk while applying pressure beneath the abdominal wall protects the underlying bowel Figure 25.2 Exposure of the anterior rectus sheath using blunt dissection…

Figure 41.1 (a, b) Ultrasound mapping of veins, performed in the office (Courtesy of David Melnick, MD) In most cases, a vein 2.5–3 mm or larger would be appropriate to…

Figure 19.1 Metal clamps are placed across the distal mesentery in opposite directions with their tips pointing inwards. A Metzenbaum scissors is then used to divide the mesentery sharply. Silk…

Figure 14.1 Barium Swallow Study in a patient with achalasia showing a mildly dilated esophagus and the classic “bird’s beak” deformity at the gastro-esophageal junction   3. Esophageal manometry: Esophageal…

  First degree Second degree Third degree Fourth degree Findings Bulge into the lumen of the anal canal ± painless bleeding Protrude at the time of a bowel movement and reduce spontaneously…

Figure 28.1 Anal fissure in posterior midline Preoperative Care Approximately half of all fissures resolve with conservative management, which consists of increased fiber and water intake and warm sitz baths….

Figure 6.1 This figure illustrates the proper decubitus positioning for a laparoscopic transabdominal adrenalectomy. It is very important to ensure that the inferior costal margin is positioned at the “break”…

Figure 5.1 The patient is placed in the lateral position. The operating table is then broken to maximize the space between the costal margin and the iliac crest. The bean…

Figure 30.1 Exposure for open repair of left inguinal hernia Figure 30.2 Exposure of conjoint tendon Dissect around the spermatic cord, and secure the cord with a penrose drain. Palpate…

Figure 18.1 Ultrasound image of a thickened tubular structure with gut signature in the right mid-abdomen, distant from the cecum, representing an inflamed Meckel’s diverticulum (Image credit: Kara Gill, MD)…