The Geriatric Patient
The Geriatric Patient Elie P. Ramly Haytham M. A. Kaafarani INTRODUCTION Older patients constitute a substantial proportion of the current surgical population, with more than half of all operations in…
The Morbidly Obese Patient
The Morbidly Obese Patient Yasuko Nagasaka Jean Kwo I. INTRODUCTION Excess body weight is associated with an increased risk of death, because an elevated body mass index (BMI) increases the…
Pediatric Postanesthesia Care Unit
Pediatric Postanesthesia Care Unit Ashlee Holman Erik Shank OVERVIEW Transport from the Operating Room to Arrival in the Postanesthesia Care Unit The pediatric postanesthesia care unit (PACU) is a unique…
Perioperative Injuries (Ocular, Oropharyngeal, Dental, Nerve, Extravasation)
Perioperative Injuries (Ocular, Oropharyngeal, Dental, Nerve, Extravasation) Bryan Simmons Edward A. Bittner Ocular, oropharyngeal, dental, nerve, and extravasation injuries represent a notable source of perioperative complications that can be debilitating….
Transfusion Reactions
Transfusion Reactions Adeola Sadik Jarone Lee I. TRANSFUSION REACTIONS All types of transfusions carry the risk of causing subacute, acute, and delayed adverse events. Prompt recognition of a transfusion-related event…
Allergy and Anaphylaxis During the Postoperative Period
Allergy and Anaphylaxis During the Postoperative Period Matthew Sigakis I. INTRODUCTION Immediate hypersensitivity reactions to anesthetic and associated agents used during the perioperative period have been reported with increasing frequency….
Gastrointestinal Complications
Gastrointestinal Complications Christina Anne Jelly D. Dante Yeh I. INTRODUCTION A. Postoperative gastrointestinal (GI) complications occur most commonly following abdominal and pelvic operations. However, GI complications may occur after any…
Endocrine Abnormalities: Glucose Control, Adrenal Insufficiency, and Thyroid Storm
Endocrine Abnormalities: Glucose Control, Adrenal Insufficiency, and Thyroid Storm Alana B. Birner Kathryn L. Butler I. INTRODUCTION A. Recognition of endocrine disorders requires a high index of suspicion among clinicians…
Acid-Base Disorders
Acid-Base Disorders Kevin H. Zhao Kathryn L. Butler Acid-base disorders arise in a wide variety of postoperative scenarios and have severe consequences on organ function and perfusion. An abnormal pH…
Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders
Fluid and Electrolyte Disorders Kevin Blackney Jonathan Charnin I. INTRODUCTION A. Multiple systems are used to regulate fluids and electrolytes during “normal” states of health. In the perioperative period, homeostatic…
