Carcinoid syndrome
Questions 1. What are carcinoid tumors? 2. Where do carcinoid tumors occur? 3. Describe the pathophysiology of carcinoid syndrome. 4. What is carcinoid crisis? 5. What are anesthetic concerns for…
Pheochromocytoma
Questions 1. What is a pheochromocytoma? 2. What are the signs and symptoms and diagnostic criteria? 3. How is pheochromocytoma managed preoperatively? 4. What are intraoperative surgical and anesthetic considerations?…
Diabetes mellitus
Questions 1. Describe the pathophysiology of type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. What are the end-organ effects of diabetes mellitus, and how do they affect the perioperative course?…
Thyroid disease
Questions 1. How are thyroid hormones produced? 2. Describe the classic presentation of thyrotoxicosis. 3. How does thyroid storm differ from thyrotoxicosis? 4. Describe the treatment of thyroid storm. 5….
Malignant hyperthermia
Questions 1. What is malignant hyperthermia? 2. What is the pathophysiology of malignant hyperthermia? 3. What are the clinical characteristics of malignant hyperthermia? 4. Discuss masseter muscle rigidity during induction….
Parathyroidectomy
Questions 1. Describe the physiology of calcium regulation. 2. What are the clinical features of hypercalcemia? 3. How is hypercalcemia treated? 4. How could hypercalcemia complicate anesthetic care? 5. Discuss…
Perioperative corticosteroid administration
Questions 1. Where are steroids naturally produced, and what type of steroids are they? 2. What are the physiologic effects of glucocorticosteroids? 3. What steroids are available for administration, and…
One-lung ventilation
Questions 1. Describe the anesthetic evaluation before lung resection. 2. How are ventilation and oxygenation monitored noninvasively during surgery, and how do these monitors work? 3. What are the indications…
Monitoring the neuromuscular junction
Questions 1. Why is monitoring of neuromuscular blockade important whenever a neuromuscular blocking drug is administered? 2. What are the basic principles of neuromuscular blockade monitoring? 3. Why is a…
Myasthenia gravis
Questions 1. What is myasthenia gravis? 2. How is myasthenia gravis diagnosed, and how is it classified? 3. What are the treatment alternatives for a patient with myasthenia gravis? 4….
