Abstract The paravertebral sympathetic chain extends from the neck down to the coccyx where it fuses to become a single ganglion. Besides its role in the defense of the body,…
Abstract The application of ultrasound for musculoskeletal injection is becoming a popular technique. As pain originating from the musculoskeletal system is one of the most common causes for patients to…
Abstract The use of fluoroscopy has revolutionized interventional pain management. Fluoroscopy is required in advanced procedures where precise needle placement is necessary. The increasing use of fluoroscopy necessitates that the…
Abstract Truncal blocks include the paravertebral, intercostal, pectoral nerve, suprascapular, ilioinguinal, iliohypogastric nerve, and transversus abdominis plane blocks. The anatomy involved in these blocks and conventional and ultrasound-guided techniques are…
Abstract Pain syndromes that can be attributed to deep muscles are often caused by mechanical impingement of the muscular tissue upon traversing neurovascular structures. The most common of these disorders…
Abstract Ultrasound guidance for performing interventional pain procedures is a relatively new approach when compared to traditional anatomic-landmark or fluoroscopy-based methods. Ultrasound allows interventionalists to enhance accuracy and safety of…
Abstract Interventional pain procedures and surgeries, while considered minimally invasive, can have serious, life-threatening infectious complications. The risk of infection varies considerably based on the type of procedure and patient…
Abstract Because of the technological evolution and the consequent possibility of electrically stimulating more specific anatomic structures, such as the dorsal root ganglion (DRG), there has been a shift in…
Abstract This chapter explores spinal cord stimulation (SCS) with thorough discussion of mechanisms, patient selection, indications, contraindications, perioperative considerations, equipment, programming, procedure, complications, and cost-effectiveness. Three types of spinal cord…
Abstract Peripheral nerve stimulation has been in existence for 50 years and has evolved over that time. Original designs of electrodes were cumbersome and required surgical open placement. Problems with…
