Abstract Head trauma is a significant cause of death around the world, especially in patients 1–45 years old.1–5 Close to 80% of patients are managed in the emergency department (ED).1.2…

Abstract Facial trauma is a common presentation in the Emergency Department. As the face is vital to both physical appearance and the ability to eat, speak, and perform other important…

Abstract Trauma accounts for nearly half of all deaths of pregnant women.1 Pregnant women have distinct physiologic and anatomic characteristics which complicate their management following major trauma. Furthermore, the presence…

Abstract Hemorrhage is a leading cause of death in trauma, following head injury. Shock is defined by inadequate tissue perfusion with hemodynamic instability and organ dysfunction.1–10 In trauma, the most…

Abstract Trauma is the fourth leading cause of death overall in the United States and the number one cause of death for ages 1 to 44 – second only to…

Abstract According to the United States Eye Injury Registry, eye injury is the leading cause of monocular blindness, and there are approximately 2.4 million eye injuries occurring annually in the…

Abstract Airway management is of paramount importance in trauma resuscitations; in fact, virtually all management algorithms begin with the assessment and protection of the airway. Trauma airways are often compromised…

Abstract While elderly patients comprise a small percentage of total major trauma patients (8–12%), they represent a disproportionate percentage of trauma mortalities and costs (15–30%, Figures 6.1 and 6.2). Chapter…

Abstract Trauma evaluation and management often focuses on protocols, especially in adults. In children, however, special considerations are made based on epidemiology, physiology, and mechanisms of injury on the location…