Fig. 6.1 B-mode image of oval internal jugular vein (IJV) and round carotid artery (CA). (Courtesy of Srikar Adhikari, MD) Fig. 6.2 Color Doppler image of internal jugular vein and…

Fig. 2.1 This image shows tissues of various impedances. Note that the fluid is dark, having little to no impedance. The bone has high impedance, which is seen as bright…

Fig. 11.1 Both superficial epidermis and dermis can be evaluated and appear as a hyperechoic layer on ultrasound. Subcutaneous tissue lies just deep to the dermis and can be visualized…

Fig. 15.1 Arterial and venous anatomy of the lower extremity Fig. 15.2 B-mode image of transverse view of left common femoral artery (CFA) and common femoral vein (CFV) Fig. 15.3…

Fig. 4.1 Anatomy of upper airway (hyoid, thyroid cartilage, cricoid cartilage, trachea, thyroid). (Reproduced from Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol (2011) 268:1357-1363-p. 1360) Sonoanatomy Sonographically, bones like mandible and hyoid bone appear…

Fig. 7.1 Anatomy of the lateral neck (TC thyroid cartilage, CB carotid bifurcation, CB–Go carotid bifurcation–gonion, CB–ITC carotid bifurcation–isthmus of thyroid cartilage, CCA common carotid artery, ECA external carotid artery,…

Fig. 10.1 Position of the probe for paracentesis Procedure Clean the procedure site with antiseptic (chlorhexidine, betadine, etc.), and sterilely drape the patient. Apply the sterile probe cover to the…

Fig. 13.1 Probe in the transverse plane approximately in the center of the patient’s back Fig. 13.2 Midline transverse probe placement: spinous view (SP spinous process, AS acoustic shadow behind…

Fig. 5.1 Probe positioning for cardiac views: (a) Subxiphoid (b) Parasternal long (c) Parasternal short (d) Apical Fig. 5.2 Ultrasound images for cardiac examination: subxiphoid (top left); parasternal long axis…

Fig. 14.1 Coronal view of pleural effusion with ultrasound transducer placed on the patient’s left lateral chest Indications Thoracentesis may be performed for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes. Therapeutic thoracentesis is…