ANESTHESIA
Sacral cornu (S5) • Thoracic spinous processes—angled caudally (in relation to vertebral bodies) • Lumbar spinous processes—angled horizontally • “S-shape of spinal column”: Thoracic kyphosis (convex) at T4; lumbar lordosis…
ANESTHESIA
Formulae and Quick Reference
Shunts Valve Area Coronary Artery Anatomy Figure A-1. Coronary arteries. PULMONARY Dead space = Lung units that are ventilated but not perfused Intrapulmonary shunt = Lung units that are perfused but…
MANAGEMENT AND DISCHARGE
Initial Diagnosis & Management 1. Examine & stabilize—check Airway, Breathing & Circulation 2. Fluid resuscitate—obtain adequate venous access 3. Review data—patient history, anesthesia record, surgical procedure, estimated blood loss, PACU…
BURN, AND CRITICAL CARE MANAGEMENT
NASCIS Protocol for Steroid Therapy • High-dose methylprednisolone is no longer recommended as standard of care for blunt ASCI. Multiple studies have suggested that the risks of high-dose steroid therapy…
PAIN MANAGEMENT
ACUTE PAIN MANAGEMENT Acute pain = pain that occurs as direct result of tissue damage, <3 mos in duration • Can occur as a result of trauma, surgical insult, labor,…
TECHNIQUES
ANESTHESIA TECHNIQUES: (GOALS) • Monitored anesthesia care (MAC): Anxiolysis, sedation, analgesia & monitoring by anesthesia personnel able to anticipate and react to changes in pt status & anesthetic state/requirements • …
ALGORITHMS
• Compressions and circulation • Check for a pulse • If a pulse is present, continue rescue breathing • Reassess pulse every 2 min • If a pulse is not…
FOR CARDIAC SURGERY
Cardiac Cycle: Definitions & Equations • Systole = isovolumic ventricular contraction & ejection • Diastole = isovolumic ventricular relaxation & filling • Cardiac output = stroke volume × heart rate…
ANALGESICS
Fentanyl (Sublimaze IV, Fentora Buccal, Actiq Lozenge, Duragesic Transdermal) Clearance: Liver by CYP-450 3A4; 10% unchanged in urine, metabolite norfentanyl detectable up to 48 hrs Comments: High lipid solubility causes…
