K Seizures Definition Seizures are the result of abnormal electrical impulse discharges in the brain. Incidence and prevalence Seizures are one of the most common neurologic disorders and may occur…

J Parkinson’s disease Definition Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome that consists of four cardinal signs: tremor, rigidity, akinesia, and postural disturbances (TRAP). Parkinson’s disease is a common cause of TRAP…

I Neuropathy and myopathy Definition Neuropathy is a general term indicating nerve disorders of any kind. Myopathy is defined as any disorder with structural changes or functional impairment of muscle….

H Multiple sclerosis Definition Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating acquired disease of the CNS characterized by random and multiple sites of demyelination of the corticospinal tract neurons in the…

G Mental disorders Mental depression Definition Mental depression is a psychiatric disorder distinguished from normal sadness and grief by severity and duration of the mood disturbances and by the presence…

F Intracranial hypertension Definition and etiology Intracranial hypertension occurs with a sustained increase in ICP above 15 to 20 mmHg. Intracranial hypertension develops with expanding tissue or fluid mass, interference…

D Guillain-barré syndrome Definition Guillain-Barré syndrome refers to acquired inflammatory peripheral neuropathies that are characterized by: (1) acute onset, (2) elevated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein levels with low CSF cell…

E Hydrocephalus Definition Hydrocephalus is an abnormal accumulation of CSF resulting either from an excessive production or from decreased absorption that leads to an increase in pressure in the ventricles…

C Cerebrovascular disease Definition Cerebral vascular disorders are characterized by sudden neurologic deficits resulting from ischemia or hemorrhagic events. Cerebrovascular disease is any of a group of disorders that affects…