ANESTHESIA
Anesthesia for Trauma and Emergency Surgery
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR TRAUMA AND EMERGENCY SURGERY Initial Assessment of the Trauma Patient Airway Basic life support: Effective basic life support prevents hypoxia and…
Anesthesia for Orthopedic Surgery
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR ORTHOPEDIC SURGERY Bone Cement Bone cement, polymethylmethacrylate, is frequently required for joint arthroplasties. The cement interdigitates within the interstices of cancellous…
Anesthesia for Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGIC SURGERY Endoscopic Otorhinolaryngologic Surgery (Laryngoscopy, Microlaryngoscopy, Esophagoscopy, and Bronchoscopy) Preoperative evaluation should focus on airway management, particularly given that operative…
Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR OPHTHALMIC SURGERY Intraocular Pressure and Oculocardiac Reflex Intraocular pressure (IOP) is normally 12 to 20 mm Hg. The eye can be…
Anesthesia for Patients with Neuromuscular Disease
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR PATIENTS WITH NEUROMUSCULAR DISEASE Myasthenia Gravis Causes: Autoimmune destruction or inactivation of postsynaptic acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction, leading to…
Anesthesia for Genitourinary Surgery
!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN” “http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd”> ANESTHESIA FOR GENITOURINARY SURGERY Cystoscopy Preoperative considerations: Indications include hematuria, recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), renal calculi, and urinary obstruction. Possible procedures include…
Pharmacological Principles
• Most anesthetic drugs are lipophilic, resulting in a Vd that exceeds total body water (∼ 40 L). For example the Vd of fentanyl is about 350 L in adults,…
Renal Physiology and Anesthesia
Effects of Anesthesia and Surgery • General: Reversible decreases in RBF, GFR, urinary flow, and sodium excretion occur during both regional and general anesthesia. Such changes are less pronounced during…
