Approach to the Patient with Nephrolithiasis Leslie S.-T. Fang Nephrolithiasis is a significant medical problem incurring substantial morbidity and cost. One autopsy series estimated the prevalence as 1.12%. In most…
Approach to Urinary Incontinence John D. Goodson Urinary incontinence, defined as the involuntary loss of urine, is predominantly a condition of middle-aged and older women, affecting an estimated 30% to…
Approach to Dysuria and Urinary Tract Infections in Women Leslie S.-T. Fang Among adult women, urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection, with an annual incidence of…
Medical Evaluation and Management of Erectile Dysfunction Erectile dysfunction (ED) has been defined as the inability to achieve or maintain a penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexual intercourse. A survey…
Evaluation of Scrotal Pain, Masses, and Swelling A mass, generalized enlargement, or acute pain involving the scrotum may be noted by the patient or discovered incidentally on physical examination. Patients…
Evaluation of the Patient with Proteinuria Hasan Bazari Proteinuria may be an asymptomatic finding in an apparently healthy patient or a key diagnostic or prognostic finding in a patient who…
Evaluation of the Patient with Hematuria Leslie S.-T. Fang Virtually every disease of the genitourinary tract can produce hematuria. The primary physician may encounter a patient with gross hematuria or…
Screening for Cancers of the Lower Urinary Tract Lower urinary tract cancers include tumors of the renal pelves, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These lesions can logically be considered together because…
Screening for Asymptomatic Bacteriuria and Urinary Tract Infection Efforts to detect and treat asymptomatic bacteriuria are based on the assumption that treatment reduces the likelihood of subsequent morbidity from symptomatic…
Screening for Prostate Cancer Michael J. Barry Prostate cancer is a common cause of morbidity and mortality among older men in the United States. The lifetime probability of a man…
