The pediatric patient population presents unique challenges to its anesthesia providers. These challenges are multiplied when administering an anesthetic in a non-—operating room anesthesia (NORA) location. Evidence indicates that NORA…
When requests for anesthesia assistance outside the main operating room first occurred more than a decade ago, they were regarded as nuisance calls and often ignored. The requests were haphazard…
Gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies are among the most common non–operating room procedures requiring anesthesia. This chapter reviews considerations and challenges related to anesthesia for upper GI endoscopy procedures. These include esophagogastroduodenoscopy…
History of Anesthesia for Gastrointestinal Endoscopic Procedures Sedation and analgesia are common components to most upper and lower endoscopic procedures. Although diagnostic upper and lower endoscopy can be performed without…
As imaging technology improves, it is increasingly possible to perform procedures with noninvasive or minimally invasive techniques that would have once required an operating room. Specialized suites such as cardiac…
Direct-current cardioversion is a common cardiological procedure, consisting of delivering an electric shock to the patient’s heart with the goal of restoring normal sinus rhythm. The common indication for the…
Acknowledgments The authors thank Drs. David Callans, Lee Fleisher, and Sean Kennedy for their comments on a draft of this chapter. In the electrophysiology laboratory, procedures are performed to diagnose…
The treatment of structural heart disease is undergoing a revolution reminiscent of the management of coronary artery disease 30 years ago—the development, evaluation, and application of catheter-based techniques of valve…
The preoperative evaluation of the patient undergoing anesthesia is both a requirement of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services and important in preparing an anesthetic plan. Certain parts of…
As described throughout this book, non–operating room anesthesia (NORA) locations present a major challenge for safe anesthesia care. A vital quality improvement and risk management system is important to prevent…
