Abstract In this chapter, the paradox in the approach to labor pain is examined and the basis for current therapy (anatomy), the basis for future therapy (neurophysiology), and the effects…
Abstract The cesarean delivery rate in the United States and around the world has steadily increased as a result of changing patterns in obstetric practice. Recent data indicate that more…
Abstract Cesarean delivery is the most common major surgical procedure performed in many developed countries, and the rate is increasing worldwide. Appropriate assessment of the patient undergoing cesarean delivery includes…
Abstract Many women choose tubal sterilization for permanent contraception. Of the approximately 700,000 cases performed annually in the United States, data from 1995-2006 found that half were performed postpartum and…
Abstract The outcome of labor reflects the interaction of three components: the powers, the passageway, and the passenger. Assuming that the fetus is tolerating labor satisfactorily, the most important obstetric…
Abstract Surgery may be necessary during any stage of pregnancy. Indications for pregnancy-related surgery include cervical incompetence, the presence of ovarian cysts, and conditions amenable to fetal surgery. Indications for…
Abstract Neuraxial analgesic techniques are the most flexible analgesic techniques available for obstetric patients. The anesthesia provider may use an epidural or spinal technique to provide effective analgesia during the…
Abstract Post–dural puncture headache (PDPH) is one of the most common postpartum complications of neuraxial anesthesia. However, physicians and nurses should be aware that a dural puncture is only one…
Abstract At their core, the experiences of labor and birthing a child are intensely personal, intimate processes for many women, regardless of culture or background. While anesthesia providers may have…
Abstract In 1916, Edward Cragin stated, “Once a cesarean, always a cesarean.” This edict has had a profound effect on obstetric practice in the United States. The cesarean delivery rate…
