Chapter 35 – TOE for Miscellaneous Conditions
Abstract An ASD is a common congenital cardiac lesion, comprising 6–10% of such anomalies at birth, although diagnosis may not occur until adulthood. The lesion may present as an atrial…
Chapter 40 – Infection
Abstract Knowledge of infections encountered in the setting of cardiac surgery, and their prevention and treatment, is essential for health professionals working in this area. Chapter 40 Infection Hannah McCormick…
Chapter 39 – Pain Management after Cardiac Surgery
Abstract Pain after cardiac surgery is common; 75% of patients recall experiencing moderate to severe pain on the cardiac ICU. This has significant physiological and psychological consequences, potentially leading to…
Chapter 31 – Neurological Monitoring
Abstract Monitors of neurological function have been available since the 1950s. Until recently, however, many have remained in the hands of enthusiasts at academic centres. Many laboratory methods are not…
Chapter 33 – Assessment of Ventricular Function
Abstract Ventricular dysfunction is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality after both cardiac and non-cardiac surgery. Traditionally, invasive pressure monitoring has been used to make inferences regarding ventricular function….
Chapter 37 – Cardiac Surgery during Pregnancy
Abstract Cardiac disease has been the leading cause of overall maternal mortality in the UK since the 2002–2004 triennium. The maternal death rate from cardiac disease has increased from 1.65…
Chapter 30 – Cardiovascular Monitoring
Abstract When the rapid detection of haemodynamic change is imperative, the ‘gold standard’ is direct arterial pressure monitoring. Other indications for invasive arterial pressure monitoring include severe underlying cardiovascular disease,…
Chapter 32 – Comprehensive TOE Examination
Abstract TOE is now commonplace in the cardiac operating theatre and critical care setting. The practising cardiac anaesthetist must be fully trained and proficient at performing TOE, both as a…
Chapter 21 – Common Congenital Heart Lesions and Procedures
Abstract It is not unusual for the cardiac anaesthetist to encounter adults with palliated, corrected or newly diagnosed congenital heart disease (CHD). It is essential, therefore, that the anaesthetist has…
Chapter 24 – Temperature Management and Deep Hypothermic Arrest
Abstract In animals that maintain body temperature within a tight range (homeotherms), thermoregulation represents the balance between heat production (thermogenesis) and heat loss. Thermogenesis occurs as a result of metabolic…
