FIGURE 88.4.2 Flow chart showing approach to the evaluation of a patient with acute infectious diarrhea. Once disease onset, presentation, and progression of associated symptoms are evaluated, and immediate laboratory…
TABLE 31.2 Examples of Laboratory Tests and the Decisions Based on their Results QUALITY ASSURANCE IN POINT-OF-CARE TESTING Because many ICU decisions are based upon the results of laboratory analyses…
Along with emergency planning, continuity of operations planning, response and recovery programs, efforts to ensure the welfare of employees who are required to remain at a given facility to support…
FIGURE 12.1 Onychomadesis after critical illness. Cognitive problems in ICU survivors occur in areas of memory, attention, and executive functioning, all domains that have clear implications for daily functioning (32–36)….
During the evaluation and observation of the TBI patient, repeated neurologic monitoring includes the vital signs with special attention to extremes in blood pressure. Hypotension may result in secondary injury,…
FIGURE 17.1 Schematic depiction of a villus. The villi are foldings of the intestinal epithelium that greatly increase the surface area in contact with the contents within the lumen. They…
TABLE 82.2 Noninfectious Causes of Fever in the ICU Noninfectious Causes A large number of noninfectious conditions result in tissue injury with inflammation and a febrile reaction. Those noninfectious disorders…
Colloid infusion during the resuscitation of acutely injured patients has been debated for some time. Acute burn injury leads to capillary permeability, which allows loss of intravascular albumin into the…
TABLE 116.2 Causes of Alveolar Hemorrhage Physical Examination The physical examination may provide clues to the diagnosis of massive hemoptysis. A saddle nose deformity and/or septal perforation suggest Wegener granulomatosis….
Bronchoscopy-associated hypoxemia may be minimized by providing 100% oxygen during the procedure, shortening bronchoscopy time, and frequently withdrawing the bronchoscope from the airway to allow adequate ventilation. Adequate tidal volume…
