APPENDIX B: ANESTHESIA MACHINE CHECKOUT & SETTING UP THE OR ANESTHESIA MACHINE CHECKOUT Checkout only valid for an anesthesia system that conforms to current standards and includes an ascending bellows…
ANESTHESIA OUTSIDE THE OPERATING ROOM General Considerations/Safety • Thorough preoperative evaluation of every pt is essential • All patients receiving any form of anesthesia must have ASA monitors during anesthesia…
• Take into account longer duration of action in elderly • Neuromuscular blocking agents • Duration prolonged by ↑ age (if steroid based), mild hypothermia, increased density of block (train-of-four…
(lower should remain OFF until after reperfusion & stabilization) • Foley catheter: Goal urine output >0.5 mL/kg/hr • PRBC in the OR; may also need FFP • Management before clamping…
MAJOR FACTORS AFFECTING UPTAKE Solubility • Partition coefficients express relative solubility of anesthetic gas at equilibrium • Lower partition coefficients imply ↓ solubility, faster equilibration of partial pressure (alveolus ↔…
• In pediatric patients a 20–24 gauge needle may be used for the first cannulation and then exchanged with a larger gauge over a guidewire • Proceed as described in…
• Consider bronchoscopy • Consider bag ventilation • Treat underlying problem BRONCHOSPASM Causes • Preexisting reactive airway disease (asthma) • Manipulation of upper airway (oral endoscopy) • ETT with inadequate…
ADRENERGIC AGONISTS General comments: Act on α, β, or dopaminergic receptors (see the table below). May cause tachycardia, hypertension, arrhythmias, myocardial ischemia, and tissue necrosis with extravasation (administer centrally, treat…
PHARMACODYNAMICS • Ionization best correlates with onset of action. LAs exist in free equilibrium in both charged (ionized) and neutral (non-ionized) forms: • The ionized form binds to the receptor…
• Clinical Considerations • Indications: Bolus dosing used for rapid sequence induction when aspiration is a risk (i.e., full stomach, trauma, diabetes mellitus, hiatal hernia, obesity, pregnancy); infusion useful in…
