Genetic syndrome % Pheo Features VHL type 2 a–c 10–20 CNS hemangioblastoma von Hippel–Lindau syndrome Renal carcinoma Chromosome 3 Endolymphatic sac tumors Epididymal cystadenomas Pancreatic and renal cysts Retinal angiomas…
Innervations Sympathetic Parasympathetic Afferent sensory fibers Kidney T8–L1 preganglionic fibers Coming from the vagus nerves Spinal root ganglia T10-1112 Ureter: upper part Celiac and aorticorenal ganglia Nerve fibers transverse the…
Daniel M. Gainsburg, Ethan O. Bryson and Elizabeth A. M. Frost (eds.)Anesthesia for Urologic Surgery201410.1007/978-1-4614-7363-3_16© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 16. Medicolegal Considerations in Urologic Anesthesia Elizabeth A. M. Frost1 (1) Department of Anesthesiology, Icahn School of Medicine…
Condition Point C Congestive heart failure 1 H Hypertension: blood pressure consistently above 140/90 mmHg (or treated hypertension on medication) 1 A Age ≥ 75 years 1 D Diabetes mellitus 1…
# Cesarean delivery Probability (%) of accreta 1 3 2 >10 3 40 4 or above >60 Imaging tests can aid in the diagnosis of placenta accreta. Ultrasound has both…
Advantages Limitations Radical retropubic prostatectomy Superb surgical exposure Challenging in obese patients Facilitates nerve-sparing surgery Vascular field Allows simultaneous staging Increased blood loss Increased blood transfusion rate Perineal prostatectomy…
Pregnancy Severe skeletal deformities Severe obesity Aortic or renal artery aneurysm? Urinary obstruction distal to stone Uncontrolled anticoagulation Uncontrolled hypertension Uncontrolled urinary tract infection Procedure Techniques Classically, PCNL is done…
Glomerulopathies Primary glomerular disease Focal glomerulosclerosis Membranous nephropathy Immunoglobulin A nephropathy Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis Glomerulopathies associated with systemic disease Amyloidosis Postinfectious glomerulonephritis Systemic lupus erythematosus Wegener’s granulomatosis Tubulointerstitial disease Analgesic nephropathy…
Absorption of irrigating fluid Circulatory overload and hypoosmolality Hyponatremia Glycine and ammonia toxicity Bladder perforation Transient bacteremia and septicemia Hypothermia Bleeding and coagulopathy TURP syndrome The Surgical Procedure The TURP…
where U = urinary concentration of creatinine (mg/100 ml); P = plasma concentration of creatinine (mg/100 ml); and V = urine volume (ml/min) [7]. Normal CrCl are 85–125 ml/min in…
