Late-Presenting Neonatal Surgical Emergencies
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) can occur in full-term newborns with existing medical conditions. Vomiting in a newborn should be considered bilious if it shows a color…
Meckel’s Diverticulum
HIGH YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen The classical presentation of Meckel’s diverticulum is painless bright red bleeding per rectum. The nuclear medicine technetium-99m pertechnetate scan (Meckel’s scan) is the imaging…
Inguinal Hernia
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen Most inguinal hernias are asymptomatic and are managed by referral to a pediatric surgeon for elective management. Incarcerated hernias are best reduced by the taxis…
Pyloric Stenosis
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen Pyloric stenosis presents most commonly between 5 to 6 weeks of age. Progressive non-bilious projectile vomiting is the most common presenting symptom. The typical electrolyte…
Dysrhythmias
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen Dysrhythmias are classified according to the heart rate, QRS width, and the patient’s clinical stability. Sinus bradycardia in the neonate always requires aggressive evaluation and…
Heart Failure in Infants and Children
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen New-onset heart failure may be difficult to diagnose in children, as symptoms closely mimic common respiratory and gastrointestinal illnesses, or even sepsis, diverting attention from…
Inflammatory and Infectious Heart Disease
HIGH-YIELD FACTS Print Section Listen Older children with pericarditis most often present with chest pain in combination with other symptoms. Fever, tachycardia, friction rub, and electrocardiographic changes may be noted….
