FOR OTOLARYNGOLOGY SURGERY, NEURORADIOLOGY, AND ECT
Intracranial Pressure (ICP) ICP = cranial (closed space) pressure on brain, CSF, & blood components • Brain components: Brain mass/cells (80%); blood (10%); CSF (10%) • Normal range: 0–10 mm…
PATIENT EVALUATION
PREOPERATIVE PHYSICAL EXAMINATION • Vital signs: Resting heart rate, BP, SpO2 height, weight, body mass index • CV & pulm: Heart & lung sounds, JVD, pulm/periph edema, carotid bruits • …
VENTILATION
CAPNOGRAPHY CO2 identified in expired gas by spectrographic properties (using IR, Raman, or mass spectroscopy) Hazards of Capnography: • Old in-line IR detectors can heat up, causing facial thermal injury…
FOR GENERAL SURGERY
ANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS IN ABDOMINAL SURGERY Preoperative Evaluation • Fluid status: Patients often hypovolemic • Inadequate fluid intake (fasting, anorexia) • Fluid loss (emesis, bowel preps, GI bleeding, fevers = insensible…
SYSTEM AND ANESTHESIA FOR UROLOGIC SURGERY
Acute Renal Failure • ↑ of Cr by ≥0.5 mg/dL or ↑ of Cr by ≥20% over 2 wks • Prerenal • Renal hypoperfusion resulting in ↓ GFR • Causes…
TRANSPLANTATION
ANESTHESIA FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION Indications • Polycystic kidney disease • Diabetes mellitus–related kidney failure • Hypertensive kidney disease • Glomerular disease • Tubulointerstitial disease • Other familial or congenital diseases…
OF ANESTHESIA
AIRWAY/DENTAL COMPLICATIONS Airway Complications Incidence • Unknown owing to varying significance/detection of injuries • Minor trauma to larynx & pharynx may be as common as 6% • Damage typically ↑…
ISSUES & EVENT DISCLOSURE
• Advance directive → instructions given by an individual specifying what should be done for his or her health should he or she no longer be able to make decisions…
FOR THORACIC SURGERY
Bronchial Blockers • Bronchial blockers: May require longer to position & more intraop repositioning • Univent tracheal tube (provides CPAP, but cannot ventilate while isolating the lung) • Fogarty catheter…
