Obstetrical Anesthesia
1. Many of the symptoms associated with preeclampsia may result from an imbalance between the placental production of prostacyclin and thromboxane. 2. The HELLP syndrome is a form of severe…
Chronic Pain Management
TABLE 57-1 PRIMARY AFFERENT NERVES a. The dorsal horn includes laminae I to VI and represents the primary sensory compliment of the spinal cord. b. The ventral horn, including laminae…
Rare Coexisting Diseases
TABLE 23-4 OSSERMAN STAGING SYSTEM FOR MYASTHENIA GRAVIS 2. Treatment includes administration of anticholinesterase drugs, thymectomy, corticosteroids, and immunosuppressants. Whereas underdosage with anticholinesterase drugs results in skeletal muscle weakness, overdosage…
Electrical and Fire Safety
B. Source of Shocks 1. Electrical accidents or shocks occur when a person becomes part of or completes an electrical circuit (Fig. 8-1). 2. Damage from electrical current is caused…
Preoperative Patient Assessment and Management
4. Neurologic System. The patient’s ability to answer health history questions practically ensures a normal mental status (exclude the presence of increased intracranial pressure, cerebrovascular disease, seizure history, pre-existing neuromuscular…
Nonoperating Room Anesthesia (NORA)
TABLE 32-1 PATIENT FACTORS REQUIRING SEDATION OR ANESTHESIA FOR NONOPERATING ROOM PROCEDURES Claustrophobia, anxiety, and panic disorders Cerebral palsy, developmental delay, and learning difficulties Seizure disorders, movement disorders, and muscular…
Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery
TABLE 37-1 PATIENT MEDICAL HISTORY THAT SHOULD BE OBTAINED BEFORE THORACIC SURGERY Dyspnea: quantitate as to activity required to produce; presence may warn of the need for postoperative ventilation) Cough…
Anesthesia for Vascular Surgery
FIGURE 39-2. Typical overlap in vascular disease affecting different organ systems. PAD = peripheral arterial disease. 2. In the first 6 weeks after coronary stent placement, noncardiac surgery carries considerable…
Echocardiography
F. Goals of the Two-Dimensional Examination. A comprehensive evaluation is preferred with each cardiac chamber and valve imaged in at least two orthogonal planes. However, in an emergency situation, such…
Anesthesia for Ophthalmologic Surgery
II. OCULAR PHYSIOLOGY A. Formation and Drainage of Aqueous Humor 1. Aqueous humor is formed in the posterior chamber by the ciliary body in an active secretory process involving carbonic…
