Liver resection
M Liver resection 1. Introduction Patients presenting for hepatic surgery may have primary or metastatic tumors from gastrointestinal and other sources. Liver function may be entirely normal in these patients. Hepatocellular…
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy
L Laparoscopic cholecystectomy 1. Introduction Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used in the treatment of gallstones and diseases of the gallbladder. The laparoscopic approach is contraindicated in uncorrectable…
Laparoscopic appendectomy
K Laparoscopic appendectomy 1. Introduction Appendectomy is performed for acute appendicitis, and a laparoscopic approach is most commonly used. 2. Preoperative assessment and patient preparation a) History and physical examination (1) Gastrointestinal: Patients point…
Herniorrhaphy
J Herniorrhaphy 1. Introduction Inguinal hernias are defects in the transverse abdominal layer; a direct hernia comes through the posterior wall of the inguinal canal, and an indirect hernia comes through…
Gastrostomy
H Gastrostomy 1. Introduction A gastrostomy involves the placement of a semipermanent tube through the abdominal wall directly into the stomach. These tubes are used for gastric decompression or for feeding….
Hemorrhoidectomy
I Hemorrhoidectomy 1. Introduction Hemorrhoids are masses of vascular tissue found in the anal canal. Internal hemorrhoids are found above the pectinate line, arise from the superior hemorrhoidal venous plexus, and…
Gastrectomy
G Gastrectomy 1. Introduction Total gastrectomy is annually performed for gastric cancer. 2. Preoperative assessment and patient preparation a) History and physical: Assess fluid and hydration status. The patient may be vomiting or…
Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy
F Esophagoscopy and gastroscopy 1. Introduction Flexible, diagnostic esophagogastroduodenoscopy, a common procedure in pediatrics, is usually performed with the patient under deep sedation in an endoscopy suite or special procedure area….
Esophageal resection
E Esophageal resection 1. Introduction Esophagectomy is commonly performed for malignant disease of the middle and lower third of the esophagus. It may also be indicated for Barrett’s esophagus (peptic ulcer…
