Spinal, Epidural, and Caudal Anesthesia
Spinal, Epidural, and Caudal Anesthesia David J. Kim Jason M. Lewis I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS A. Preoperative assessment of the patient for regional anesthesia is similar to that for general anesthesia….
Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery
Anesthesia for Thoracic Surgery Caroline B.G. Hunter Paul H. Alfille I. PREOPERATIVE EVALUATION A. Patients scheduled for thoracic surgery should undergo the usual preoperative assessment as detailed in Chapter 1….
Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery
Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery Richard W. Anderson Xiaodong Bao I. PREANESTHETIC CONSIDERATIONS Patients undergoing abdominal surgery require a complete history and physical examination as outlined in Chapter 1. The following…
Perioperative Hemodynamic Control
Perioperative Hemodynamic Control Genevieve E. Staudt Rafael Vazquez I. BLOOD PRESSURE The goal of hemodynamic management is to maintain adequate organ perfusion. Since organ perfusion is difficult to measure in…
Airway Evaluation and Management
Airway Evaluation and Management David G. Frazer Ulrich Schmidt I. APPLIED ANATOMY A. The pharynx is divided into the nasopharynx, the oropharynx, and the laryngopharynx. 1. The nasopharynx consists of…
Intra-Anesthetic Problems
Intra-Anesthetic Problems Ryan J. Horvath Keith Baker I. HYPOTENSION Hypotension is a significant decrease of arterial blood pressure below the patient’s usual range. It may be due to a decrease…
Monitoring
Monitoring Mitchell Donner William Schoenfeld I. STANDARD MONITORING The ASA Standards for Basic Anesthetic Monitoring state that an anesthetist should be present and that oxygenation, ventilation, circulation, and temperature should…
Monitoring Anesthetic Brain States
Monitoring Anesthetic Brain States Negin Daneshpayeh Emery N. Brown I. GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS General anesthesia is defined as a drug-induced reversible condition composed of unconsciousness, amnesia, analgesia, immobility and stability of…
Local Anesthetics
Local Anesthetics Ayumi Maeda Rebecca D. Minehart I. GENERAL PRINCIPLES A. Chemistry. Local anesthetics are weak bases whose structure consists of an aromatic moiety connected to a substituted amine through…
Neuromuscular Blockade
Neuromuscular Blockade Bryan Simmons Oleg V. Evgenov The principal pharmacologic effect of neuromuscular-blocking drugs (NMBDs) is to interrupt transmission of synaptic signaling at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) by interacting with…
