Infraclavicular block
Perspective Infraclavicular brachial plexus block is useful for both single-injection and continuous infusion techniques. This technique results in a sensory and motor block similar to a traditional axillary approach, albeit…
Supraclavicular block
Perspective Supraclavicular block provides anesthesia of the entire upper extremity in the most consistent, efficient manner of any brachial plexus technique. It is the most effective block for all portions…
Suprascapular block
Key Points • High-frequency, 38-mm broadband linear array transducer is preferred for this block. • For catheter insertion, the Tuohy needle is usually used. The catheter is placed beneath the…
Interscalene block
Perspective Interscalene block (classic anterior approach) is especially effective for surgery of the shoulder or upper arm because the roots of the brachial plexus are most easily blocked with this…
Equipment and ultrasound
Equipment Needles, catheters, and syringes Effective regional anesthesia requires comprehensive knowledge of equipment—that is, the needles, syringes, and catheters that allow the anesthetic to be injected into the desired area….
Upper extremity block anatomy
Key Points • Along its course above the clavicle, the brachial plexus is bounded by the anterior and middle scalene muscles. The two muscles constitute the scalene triangle with its…
Pharmacology
Regional anesthesia is a fast-growing field with application in a wide range of surgical procedures. Better technique with the help of ultrasound, better and safer local anesthetics, and better drug…
Pharmacology of local anesthetics in pediatrics
Key Points Neonates and infants are more prone to developing systemic toxicity to local anesthetics (LAs), particularly amide LAs, compared with older children and adults. This is due to reduced…
