Peripheral Nerve Blocks
Peripheral Nerve Blocks Aimee Pak Peripheral Nerve Block: Background Interest in regional anesthesia (RA) has renewed since the turn of the 21st century due to the changing landscape of American…
Peripheral Stimulation Modalities
Peripheral Stimulation Modalities Eileen A. Wang Priya Agrawal Karina Gritsenko Fadi Farah Advancement of Acute to Chronic Pain With the advancements in health care management and technology, surgical volume has…
Cognitive and Behavioral Aspects of Pain
Cognitive and Behavioral Aspects of Pain Anna M. Formanek Vijay Kata Alan D. Kaye Introduction Pain began to be explored through a cognitive and behavioral lens in the latter part…
Neuraxial Anesthesia
Neuraxial Anesthesia Maged D. Fam Praveen Dharmapalan Prasanna Introduction Neuraxial blockade is an effective method for providing anesthesia and analgesia to a variety of surgical patients. It involves accessing and…
Local Anesthetics and Topical Analgesics
Local Anesthetics and Topical Analgesics Ashley Wong Naum Shaparin Introduction Local anesthetics have been used since the 19th century for their anesthetic properties.1 Local anesthetics are drugs that bind to…
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Antidepressants, Antiepileptics, Gabapentinoids
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants, Antidepressants, Antiepileptics, Gabapentinoids Anand M. Prem Maryam Jowza Dominika James Introduction While the prevalence of chronic pain in the adult population averages about 20% in the United…
Meloxicam: Pharmacology and Role in the Management of Acute Pain
Meloxicam: Pharmacology and Role in the Management of Acute Pain Carley E. Boyce Luke Mosel Sarahbeth R. Howes Benjamin Cole Miller Victoria L. Lassiegne Mark R. Alvarez Jake Huntzinger Alan…
NSAIDs and COX-2 Inhibitors
NSAIDs and COX-2 Inhibitors Matthew R. Eng Kapil Anand Introduction Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors have become valuable anti-inflammatory and analgesic medications in the perioperative…
Patient-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (ie, PCA)
Patient-Controlled Drug Delivery Systems (ie, PCA) Nellab Yakuby Lindsey Cieslinski Kelsey De Silva Caroline Galliano Introduction In 1963, Roe1 was the first to manage postoperative pain by titrating small intermittent…
Acute Pain Management in Patients on Medication Maintenance Therapy—Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone
Acute Pain Management in Patients on Medication Maintenance Therapy—Buprenorphine, Methadone, or Naltrexone Sameer K. Goel Shilen P. Thakrar Tina S. Thakrar Caitlin E. Martin Dharti Patel Savitri Gopaul Introduction Besides…
