© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Fred A. Luchette and Jay A. Yelon (eds.)Geriatric Trauma and Critical Carehttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48687-1_11 11. Health-Care Economics and the Impact of Aging on Rising Health-Care Costs Preston B. Rich1 and Noran Barry1 (1) Department of…
Innate Macrophage Reduced phagocytic activity Reduced generation of nitric oxide Reduced generation of superoxide Neutrophil Reduced phagocytic activity Reduced generation of superoxide Dendritic cells Reduced pinocytosis and endocytosis activity Reduced…
Fig. 8.1 Carolinas Medical Center warfarin reversal protocol Newer direct oral anticoagulant agents including dabigatran (direct thrombin inhibitor), rivaroxaban (factor Xa inhibitor), apixaban (factor Xa inhibitor), and edoxaban (factor Xa…
© Springer International Publishing AG 2017Fred A. Luchette and Jay A. Yelon (eds.)Geriatric Trauma and Critical Carehttps://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48687-1_6 6. Skin, Soft Tissue, and Wound Healing in the Elderly David G. Greenhalgh1 (1) Department of Surgery, University of California,…
Organ Grade Description Stomach Grade I Hematoma <3 cm Partial-thickness laceration Grade II Hematoma ≥3 cm Full-thickness laceration <3 cm Grade III Full-thickness laceration ≥3 cm Grade IV Full-thickness laceration…
Critical illness associated with cardiac pump failure results in reduced tissue perfusion in all organs and occurs in various conditions such as sepsis, cardiogenic shock, and heart failure. Mechanical circulatory…
Differences in physiology and pathophysiology make the treatment of developing, critically ill children particularly challenging as compared to that of adults. Significant differences in the cardiovascular system of neonates and…
Among critically ill patients, red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is often prescribed for anemia in the absence of active or recent bleeding. The failure of RBC transfusion to improve physiological…
Vasodilators are a potential therapeutic option for patients with persisting microcirculatory disorders despite adequate cardiac output and mean arterial pressure due to conventional haemodynamic stabilization. Venous vasodilation may decrease post-capillary…
