Thoracic (T2-3) Ganglion Block
CHAPTER 43 Thoracic (T2-3) Ganglion Block Michael Stanton-Hicks INTRODUCTION The functional separation of the vagi (vagal nerves) and sympathetic trunks can be attributed to Estienne (1544),1 but it was Winslow…
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Intercostal Nerve Block
CHAPTER 57 Intercostal Nerve Block Amitabh Gulati INTRODUCTION The intercostal nerve block was first described in 1907 by Heinrich Braun1 to treat acute and chronic pain of the posterior and…
Sacroiliac Joint Injections
CHAPTER 26 Sacroiliac Joint Injections Sheetal Kerkar Patil, Honorio T. Benzon, and Sudhir Diwan OVERVIEW The sacroiliac joint (SIJ) is the largest axial joint in the body with an abundance…
Viscosupplements and Steroid Injections
CHAPTER 51 Viscosupplements and Steroid Injections Jennifer Solomon and Vijay Vad INTRODUCTION Steroids and viscosupplements (VS) are two commonly injected substances used to provide mobility of and relief to osteoarthritic…
Percutaneous Sacroplasty
CHAPTER 29 Percutaneous Sacroplasty Harold Cordner and Michael E. Frey INTRODUCTION Sacral insufficiency fractures are a common, but often underdiagnosed source of low back pain in the elderly osteoporotic patient….
Cervical Nerve Root Blocks
CHAPTER 16 Cervical Nerve Root Blocks Stanley Golovac INTRODUCTION The use of cervical root blocks can be used both diagnostically and/or therapeutically. In certain conditions, a nerve root block can…
Occipital Nerve Stimulation
CHAPTER 74 Occipital Nerve Stimulation Erich O. Richter, Marina V. Abramova, and Kenneth M. Alo INTRODUCTION Occipital neuralgia (ON) is a neurological disorder that commonly involves the greater occipital and…
Spinal Cord Stimulation: Hardware Specifitoc-authortions
CHAPTER 69 Spinal Cord Stimulation: Hardware Specifications Sudhir Diwan, Karina Gritsenko, and Neel Mehta INTRODUCTION Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) offers hope to the estimated 75 million people who suffer from…
Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation: Anatomy, Physiology, and Potential for Therapeutic Targeting in Chronic Pain
CHAPTER 73 Dorsal Root Ganglion Stimulation: Anatomy, Physiology, and Potential for Therapeutic Targeting in Chronic Pain Jeffery Kramer, Christine E. Draper, Timothy R. Deer, Jason E. Pope, Robert Levy, and…
Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block
CHAPTER 18 Sphenopalatine Ganglion Block Samer Narouze INDICATIONS The sphenopalatine ganglion (SPG) is a large extracranial structure that has rich sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic innervations, which explains the autonomic features…
