Intrathecal Medication Withdrawal
Fig. 32.1 Clinical decision tree to assess etiology of symptoms of intrathecal medication withdrawal 32.3 Intrathecal Withdrawal There are only three drugs that are FDA approved for intrathecal delivery: morphine,…
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Discitis Following Transdiscal Approach for Superior Hypogastric Plexus Block
Authors Technique Advantages Disadvantages Plancarte et al. [3] Bilateral paramedian extradiscal approach (fluoroscopy) Avoids risks associated with intervertebral disc and spinal canal penetration • Technical difficulties due to anatomical variability (tall…
Lower Extremity Weakness Following Neurolytic Superior Hypogastric Block
Fig. 25.1 Anteroposterior view of needle placement in the case presented. Images from Dr. Anitescu Personal Library Fig. 25.2 Lateral view of the needle placement in the case presented. Images…
Epidural Abscess After Epidural Steroid Injection in a Patient on TNF-Alpha Inhibitors
Name of anti-TNF drug Structure/mechanism of action Infliximab Chimeric (mouse/human) anti-TNF-alpha antibody Etanercept TNF-alpha receptor fusion protein Adalimumab Human TNF-alpha monoclonal anti-TNF-alpha antibody Certolizumab pegol Antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of human…
Permanent Paralysis Caused by Epidural Hematoma After Tunneled Catheter Placement
Fig. 16.1 MRI of lumbar spine with artifact due to epidural catheter. Personal library Fig. 16.2 MRI prior to decompression revealing a large extradural collection from T5 to T6 causing…
Increased Pain After Kyphoplasty
Fig. 43.1 Facet strain causing back pain after compression fracture Persistent post-procedure pain prompts an x-ray or CT evaluation of the injected site, especially if the pain has changed or…
Bupivacaine-Induced Myonecrosis
Fig. 47.1 Concentration-dependent bupivacaine myotoxicity. Rabbit extraocular muscles at 5 days after injection of bupivacaine or saline. (a) Saline injection: normal-appearing muscle fiber cells displayed regular arrangement with the nuclei…
Complications of Occipital Nerve Block
Complication Presentation Cutaneous adverse reactions Atrophy, alopecia, hyperpigmentation, folliculitis Myonecrosis/myotoxicity Attributed to local anesthetic or corticosteroid Intra-arterial injection Central nervous system manifestations Cardiovascular manifestations Subarachnoid injection Brain stem anesthesia 45.2.5…
Seroma or Hygroma Formation After Implantation of an Intrathecal Drug Delivery System or a Spinal Cord Stimulator
Mechanical Biological Electrode fracture or migration for SCS Infection Catheter fracture or migration for ITDDS Bleeding Battery failure for SCS or ITDDS Nerve injury Programming or pump-fill errors for ITDDS…
Intrathecal Pump Malfunction: Flipped, Expired, Stalled, and Malfunctioned Valves and Rotors Leading to Under- and Over-Infusion
Fig. 29.1 Pump flip. CT image of a complete flipped pump. (a) The CT was performed after a failed pump refill with needle unable to identify the reservoir entry; fluoroscopic…
